Review of Brazilian jawfishes of the genus Opistognathus with descriptions of two new species (Teleostei, Opistognathidae)

A new species of jawfish, , is described from the Vitória-Trindade Chain and Fernando de Noronha Archipelago off Brazil, a disjunct distribution of ca. 1,800 km. and its allopatric Caribbean sister-species, , both have a wide, fan-like upper margin of the subopercular flap and mostly over-lapping me...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:ZooKeys 2018-11, Vol.794 (794), p.95-133
Main Authors: Smith-Vaniz, William F, Tornabene, Luke, Macieira, Raphael M
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animalia
Atlantic Ocean
Chordata
Cytochrome-c oxidase
Esophagus
Faunistics & Distribution
Gene mapping
Genetic distance
Identification key
Identification keys
Molecular systematics
New species
Oceans
Opistognathidae
Opistognathus
Opistognathus maxillosus
Opistognathus whitehursti
Osteichthyes
Phylogenetics
Phylogeny
Physical characteristics
Pisces
Sibling species
Spines
Systematics
Taxonomy
Teeth
Zoology
Citations: Items that this one cites
Items that cite this one
Online Access:Get full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Description
Summary:A new species of jawfish, , is described from the Vitória-Trindade Chain and Fernando de Noronha Archipelago off Brazil, a disjunct distribution of ca. 1,800 km. and its allopatric Caribbean sister-species, , both have a wide, fan-like upper margin of the subopercular flap and mostly over-lapping meristic data. The new species differs from in having the darkest spot on the spinous dorsal fin, when present, between spines 2-5, versus always present between spines 6-9, the buccal area surrounding the esophageal opening pale versus very dark and fewer oblique scale rows in longitudinal series (45-52 vs. 69-85). A second new species, , known from Brazil's mainland, has completely over-lapping meristic values with its allopatric Caribbean sister-species , but differs in lacking vomerine teeth and a supramaxilla and retaining the juvenile color pattern of the latter species in adults. Diagnoses, photographs, an identification key, and distributional maps are given for all Brazilian species of . Molecular phylogenetic analysis of partial cytochrome c oxidase subunit-I sequences indicates that specimens of the two allopatric pairs, - and - , form reciprocally monophyletic groups that differ from each other on average by 9 to 11%, with less than 1% average pair-wise genetic distance within-species. Similar patterns of phylogenetic structure were observed between reciprocally monophyletic (predominately allopatric) groups within nominal species of , suggesting the possibility of at least two additional undescribed species from the Brazilian Province.
ISSN:1313-2989
1313-2970
DOI:10.3897/zookeys.794.26789