Antioxidant Activity and Neuroprotective Role of Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA) Supplementation in Eye Diseases That Can Lead to Blindness: A Narrative Review

The objective of this narrative review is to provide updated evidence, based on data from experimental and clinical studies, of the prominent role of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) for a number of crucial mechanisms involved in counteracting cell damage induced by oxidative stress i...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Antioxidants 2021-03, Vol.10 (3), p.386
Main Authors: Lafuente, María, Rodríguez González-Herrero, María Elena, Romeo Villadóniga, Stéphanie, Domingo, Joan Carles
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Age
Antioxidants
Apoptosis
Blindness
Carotenoids
Diabetes mellitus
diabetic macular edema
Dietary supplements
Docosahexaenoic acid
Eye diseases
Fatty acids
Free radicals
Glaucoma
Glutathione
Homeostasis
Inflammation
Lipid peroxidation
Lipids
Macular degeneration
Metabolism
Metabolites
Neuroprotection
omega-3 fatty acids
Oxidation
Oxidative stress
Photoreceptors
Physiology
Polyunsaturated fatty acids
Retina
Retinal pigment epithelium
Retinopathy
Review
Reviews
Seafood
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Summary:The objective of this narrative review is to provide updated evidence, based on data from experimental and clinical studies, of the prominent role of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) for a number of crucial mechanisms involved in counteracting cell damage induced by oxidative stress in eye diseases. This article is focused on the antioxidant and neuroprotective effects of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), which have been assessed in different experimental models and clinical studies, particularly in proliferative diabetic retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration and glaucoma that are the most common eye diseases leading to severe vision loss. The mechanisms involved in the role of DHA in protecting human retinal pigment epithelial cells from oxidative stress as well as the interaction with glutathione (GSH) are also described. The review is intended to provide novel and salient findings supporting the rationale of the use of dietary supplementation with high-dose DHA (1050 mg/day) in the form of triglyceride as a potent antioxidant compound for improving the eye health. However, the overall clinical evidence for the use of dietary strategies based on supplementation with n-3 PUFAs in eye diseases linked to oxidative stress other than high-dose DHA triglyceride is both limited and inconsistent.
ISSN:2076-3921
2076-3921
DOI:10.3390/antiox10030386