Biocompatible Customized 3D Bone Scaffolds Treated with CRFP, an Osteogenic Peptide

• Published in: Bioengineering (Basel) 2021-11, Vol.8 (12), p.199
• Main Authors: Mustahsan, Vamiq M, Anugu, Amith, Komatsu, David E, Kao, Imin, Pentyala, Srinivas
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: 3-D printers; ABS; ABS resins; Acrylonitrile; Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene; artificial bone; Biocompatibility; Biodegradable materials; Bioengineering; Biomedical materials; Bone grafts; Bone growth; Bone matrix; Calcitonin; Calvaria; Cell culture; Coating; Coatings; Compression; Compression tests; Compressive strength; CRFP; Disease transmission; Grafting; Joint surgery; Mechanical loading; Mechanical properties; MED610; Modulus of elasticity; Osteoblasts; Osteogenesis; osteogenic peptide; Peptides; Polylysine; Rapid prototyping; Scaffolds; Software; Stem cells; Stiffness; Stress shielding; Styrene; Substitute bone; Three dimensional printing; Transplants & implants
• ISSN: 2306-5354; 2306-5354
• DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering8120199

Currently used synthetic bone graft substitutes (BGS) are either too weak to bear the principal load or if metallic, they can support loading, but can lead to stress shielding and are unable to integrate fully. In this study, we developed biocompatible, 3D printed scaffolds derived from µCT images of the bone that can overcome these issues and support the growth of osteoblasts. Cylindrical scaffolds were fabricated with acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) and Stratasys MED 610 (MED610) materials. The 3D-printed scaffolds were seeded with calvaria cells (MC3T3). After the cells attained confluence, osteogenesis was induced with and without the addition of calcitonin receptor fragment peptide (CRFP) and the bone matrix production was analyzed. Mechanical compression testing was carried out to measure compressive strength, stiffness, and elastic modulus. For the ABS scaffolds, there was a 9.8% increase in compressive strength ( < 0.05) in the scaffolds with no pre-coating and the treatment with CRFP, compared to non-treated scaffolds. Similarly, MED610 scaffolds treated with CRFP showed an 11.9% (polylysine pre-coating) and a 20% (no pre-coating) increase ( < 0.01) in compressive strength compared to non-treated scaffolds. MED610 scaffolds are excellent BGS as they support osteoblast growth and show enhanced bone growth with enhanced compressive strength when augmented with CRFP.