Mass Spectrometry-Based Metabolomics of Phytocannabinoids from Non-Cannabis Plant Origins

Phytocannabinoids are isoprenylated resorcinyl polyketides produced mostly in glandular trichomes of L. These discoveries led to the identification of cannabinoid receptors, which modulate psychotropic and pharmacological reactions and are found primarily in the human central nervous system. As a re...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Switzerland), 2022-05, Vol.27 (10), p.3301
Main Authors: Sommano, Sarana Rose, Sunanta, Piyachat, Leksawasdi, Noppol, Jantanasakulwong, Kittisak, Rachtanapun, Pornchai, Seesuriyachan, Phisit, Phimolsiripol, Yuthana, Sringarm, Korawan, Ruksiriwanich, Warintorn, Jantrawut, Pensak, Chittasupho, Chuda
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aquatic plants
Biological materials
Biosynthesis
Brain research
Bryophytes
Cannabinoid Receptor Agonists
Cannabinoid receptors
Cannabinoids
Cannabinoids - chemistry
cannabinomic
Cannabis
Cannabis - chemistry
Cannabis sativa L
Central nervous system
Chromatography
endocannabinoid
Enzymes
Fatty acids
Geographical distribution
Hallucinogens
Humans
Ingestion
Ligands
Marijuana
Mass Spectrometry
Mass spectroscopy
Metabolism
metabolite profiling
Metabolites
Metabolomics
Nervous system
NMR
Nuclear magnetic resonance
phytocannabinoids
Polyketides
R&D
Research & development
Review
Scientific imaging
Signal transduction
Tetrahydrocannabinol
THC
Trichomes
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Summary:Phytocannabinoids are isoprenylated resorcinyl polyketides produced mostly in glandular trichomes of L. These discoveries led to the identification of cannabinoid receptors, which modulate psychotropic and pharmacological reactions and are found primarily in the human central nervous system. As a result of the biogenetic process, aliphatic ketide phytocannabinoids are exclusively found in the cannabis species and have a limited natural distribution, whereas phenethyl-type phytocannabinoids are present in higher plants, liverworts, and fungi. The development of cannabinomics has uncovered evidence of new sources containing various phytocannabinoid derivatives. Phytocannabinoids have been isolated as artifacts from their carboxylated forms (pre-cannabinoids or acidic cannabinoids) from plant sources. In this review, the overview of the phytocannabinoid biosynthesis is presented. Different non-cannabis plant sources are described either from those belonging to the angiosperm species and bryophytes, together with their metabolomic structures. Lastly, we discuss the legal framework for the ingestion of these biological materials which currently receive the attention as a legal high.
ISSN:1420-3049
1420-3049
DOI:10.3390/molecules27103301