Association Between Dietary Niacin Intake and Rheumatoid Arthritis in American Women: A Study Based on National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Database

• Published in: International journal of women's health 2024-01, Vol.16, p.2209-2219
• Main Authors: Hong, Xuelian, Jiang, Fengfeng
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Blood pressure; Body mass index; Confounding (Statistics); Diabetes; dietary niacin intake; Education; Females; Hemoglobin; Hypertension; Interviews; nhanes; Nutrition; Original Research; Regression analysis; Rheumatoid arthritis; Smoking; Variables; Vitamin B; women; Womens health
• ISSN: 1179-1411; 1179-1411
• DOI: 10.2147/IJWH.S482294

This study aimed to explore the association between dietary niacin intake and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in American women through the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database. A retrospective analysis was conducted based on NHANES 2003-2016 data. Dietary niacin intake was stratified using weighted quartiles and association of dietary niacin intake with RA was explored using weighted logistic regression models and restricted cubic splines (RCS). Subgroup analysis was conducted, adjusting for all confounding factors, and a likelihood ratio test was utilized to determine significant covariates for the interaction term. Stratified analysis was conducted on significant covariates to determine their impact on the association of dietary niacin intake with RA. Fourteen thousand five hundred and thirty-nine American women were selected according to inclusion and exclusion criteria, among whom 845 (4.4%) had RA. Compared with American women without RA, American women with RA had significantly lower dietary niacin intake (18.90 vs 21.22, 0.05). The interaction-term -values showed that this association was significantly influenced by poverty income ratio (PIR), education level, Body Mass Index (BMI), and smoking ( for interaction < 0.05). Stratified analysis unveiled that this association was particularly significant in individuals aged ≥ 40 years (OR: 0.98, 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 0.97-0.99, < 0.05), PIR > 3.5 (OR: 0.96, 95% CI: 0.93-0.99, < 0.05), with a college education or higher (OR: 0.97, 95% CI: 0.94-0.99, < 0.01), BMI ≥ 30kg/m² (OR: 0.98, 95% CI: 0.96-0.99, < 0.05), non-smokers (OR: 0.97, 95% CI: 0.95-0.99, < 0.01), or former smokers (OR: 0.95, 95% CI: 0.95-0.99, < 0.05). Increased dietary niacin intake was associated with a reduced prevalence of RA, especially in women aged ≥40, PIR > 3.5, with at least a college education, BMI ≥ 30kg/m², and currently non-smokers.