Effectiveness of Biofunctionalization of Titanium Surfaces with Phosphonic Acid

Surface functionalization of dental implant surfaces has been a developing field in biomaterial research. This study aimed to obtain self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) using carboxyethylphosphonic acid on the surface of titanium (Ti) screws, and assessed the surface characteristics, biomechanical, and...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Biomedicines 2021-11, Vol.9 (11), p.1663
Main Authors: Aresti, Ainhoa, Aragoneses, Javier, López-Valverde, Nansi, Suárez, Ana, Aragoneses, Juan Manuel
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adipose tissue
Biocompatibility
Biomaterials
Bone morphogenetic protein 2
Bone morphogenetic proteins
Cell growth
Cell lines
Contact angle
Dental implants
Fibroblasts
Immobilization
Mesenchyme
oral implantology
phosphonic acid
Proteins
Scanning electron microscopy
Statistical analysis
Stem cells
surface biofunctionalization
surface characteristics
Titanium
Topography
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Summary:Surface functionalization of dental implant surfaces has been a developing field in biomaterial research. This study aimed to obtain self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) using carboxyethylphosphonic acid on the surface of titanium (Ti) screws, and assessed the surface characteristics, biomechanical, and cellular behavior on the obtained specimens. This study had three groups, i.e., a control (untreated screws), a test group treated with phosphonic acid, and a third group with treated acid and bone morphogenetic protein (BMP-2) for in vitro analysis of cell lines. The assessed parameters included surface wettability, surface characteristics using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), protein immobilization, and cellular behavior of fibroblasts and mesenchymal stem cells of adipose tissue (MSCat cells). For surface wettability, a Welch test was performed to compare the contact angles between control (67 ± 1.83) and test (18.84 ± 0.72) groups, and a difference was observed in the mean measurements, but was not statistically significant. The SEM analysis showed significant surface roughness on the test screws and the cellular behavior of fibroblasts, and MSCat cells were significantly improved in this group, with fibroblasts having a polygonal shape with numerous vesicles and MSCat cells stable and uniformly coating the test Ti surface. Surface biofunctionalization of Ti surfaces with phosphonic acid showed promising results in this study, but remains to be clinically validated for its applications.
ISSN:2227-9059
2227-9059
DOI:10.3390/biomedicines9111663