Diabetic Nephropathy: Perspective on Extracellular Vesicles

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a major microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus. It is the most frequent cause of end-stage renal disease with no definitive therapy available so far. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes, microvesicles, and apoptotic bodies, are nano- and micron-size...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Frontiers in immunology 2020-06, Vol.11, p.943-943
Main Authors: Lu, Yanfang, Liu, Dongwei, Feng, Qi, Liu, Zhangsuo
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Biomarkers - metabolism
Cell Communication
cell–cell cross-talk
Diabetic Nephropathies - genetics
Diabetic Nephropathies - metabolism
Diabetic Nephropathies - pathology
diabetic nephropathy
diagnosis biomarker
exosomes
extracellular vesicles
Extracellular Vesicles - genetics
Extracellular Vesicles - metabolism
Extracellular Vesicles - pathology
Humans
Immunology
Kidney - metabolism
Kidney - pathology
microvesicles
Signal Transduction
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Summary:Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a major microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus. It is the most frequent cause of end-stage renal disease with no definitive therapy available so far. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes, microvesicles, and apoptotic bodies, are nano- and micron-sized heterogeneous vesicles that can be secreted by almost all cell types. Importantly, EVs contain many biologically active materials, such as RNAs, DNAs, proteins, and lipids, from their parental cells, which can be transported to their recipient cells to mediate intercellular communication and signaling. Accumulating studies demonstrated that EVs, mainly exosomes and microvesicles, participated in the pathophysiological process of DN. Recently emerging studies also found that the contents of EVs in the urine (miRNAs, mRNAs, and proteins) could be used as potential biomarkers for DN. Therefore, in this mini-review, the generation, isolation methods, and biological function of EVs were introduced, and then the current information about the mechanism and the diagnostic value in the development of DN was summarized. Moreover, the review also discussed the future challenges of exploring the role of EVs in kidney disease.
ISSN:1664-3224
1664-3224
DOI:10.3389/fimmu.2020.00943