One Health Approach to Leishmaniases: Understanding the Disease Dynamics through Diagnostic Tools

Leishmaniases are zoonotic vector-borne diseases caused by protozoan parasites of the genus Leishmania that affect millions of people around the globe. There are various clinical manifestations, ranging from self-healing cutaneous lesions to potentially fatal visceral leishmaniasis, all of which are...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Pathogens (Basel) 2020-10, Vol.9 (10), p.809
Main Authors: Hong, Ahyun, Zampieri, Ricardo Andrade, Shaw, Jeffrey Jon, Floeter-Winter, Lucile Maria, Laranjeira-Silva, Maria Fernanda
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Bacterial infections
Climate change
diagnosis
environment
Environmental changes
epidemiology
Infections
Infectious diseases
Leishmania
Parasites
Parasitic diseases
Population
Protozoa
protozoan parasite
Review
Risk analysis
Risk factors
Socioeconomic factors
Surveillance systems
Tuberculosis
Vector-borne diseases
Vectors
Vectors (Biology)
Visceral leishmaniasis
Zoonoses
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Summary:Leishmaniases are zoonotic vector-borne diseases caused by protozoan parasites of the genus Leishmania that affect millions of people around the globe. There are various clinical manifestations, ranging from self-healing cutaneous lesions to potentially fatal visceral leishmaniasis, all of which are associated with different Leishmania species. Transmission of these parasites is complex due to the varying ecological relationships between human and/or animal reservoir hosts, parasites, and sand fly vectors. Moreover, vector-borne diseases like leishmaniases are intricately linked to environmental changes and socioeconomic risk factors, advocating the importance of the One Health approach to control these diseases. The development of an accurate, fast, and cost-effective diagnostic tool for leishmaniases is a priority, and the implementation of various control measures such as animal sentinel surveillance systems is needed to better detect, prevent, and respond to the (re-)emergence of leishmaniases.
ISSN:2076-0817
2076-0817
DOI:10.3390/pathogens9100809