Insights into Theranostic Properties of Titanium Dioxide for Nanomedicine

• Published in: Nano-micro letters 2020-01, Vol.12 (1), p.22-35, Article 22
• Main Authors: Hasanzadeh Kafshgari, Morteza, Goldmann, Wolfgang H.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Biocompatibility; Bioimaging; Biomedical materials; Biosensing; Cell adhesion; Drug delivery systems; Engineering; Medical imaging; Nanobiomedicine; Nanomaterials; Nanoscale Science and Technology; Nanostructure; Nanotechnology; Nanotechnology and Microengineering; Organic chemistry; Quantum confinement; Regeneration; Review; Surgical implants; TiO2 nanostructures; Tissue engineering; Tissue regeneration; Titanium; Titanium dioxide; Toxicity; Wound healing
• ISSN: 2311-6706; 2150-5551
• DOI: 10.1007/s40820-019-0362-1

Highlights Multifunctional TiO 2 nanostructures hold promise for advancing a wide range of biomedical applications due to a feasible integration of distinct theranostic features. Fabrication and post-fabrication strategies implemented to generate multifunctional TiO 2 nanostructures for a broad range of biomedical applications are briefly outlined. The opportunities and challenges of TiO 2 nanomaterials are highlighted in order to open the possibility of clinical translation. Titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) nanostructures exhibit a broad range of theranostic properties that make them attractive for biomedical applications. TiO 2 nanostructures promise to improve current theranostic strategies by leveraging the enhanced quantum confinement, thermal conversion, specific surface area, and surface activity. This review highlights certain important aspects of fabrication strategies, which are employed to generate multifunctional TiO 2 nanostructures, while outlining post-fabrication techniques with an emphasis on their suitability for nanomedicine. The biodistribution, toxicity, biocompatibility, cellular adhesion, and endocytosis of these nanostructures, when exposed to biological microenvironments, are examined in regard to their geometry, size, and surface chemistry. The final section focuses on recent biomedical applications of TiO 2 nanostructures, specifically evaluating therapeutic delivery, photodynamic and sonodynamic therapy, bioimaging, biosensing, tissue regeneration, as well as chronic wound healing.