Safety and efficacy of tezepelumab vs. placebo in adult patients with severe uncontrolled asthma: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Patients with severe uncontrolled asthma still experience acute asthma symptoms and exacerbations, particularly those with non-eosinophilic inflammation who take the maximum amount of standard drug therapy. Tezepelumab, a human monoclonal antibody, can improve lung function and enhance control of as...

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Published in:Scientific reports 2022-12, Vol.12 (1), p.20905-13, Article 20905
Main Authors: Shaban Abdelgalil, Mahmoud, Ahmed Elrashedy, Asmaa, Awad, Ahmed K., Reda Gad, Eman, Ali, Mahmoud M., Abdelmoez Farahat, Ramadan, Hassan Shawki, Bassant, Abd-ElGawad, Mohamed
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692/308
692/699
692/700
Adult
Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized - adverse effects
Asthma
Asthma - drug therapy
Bronchodilators
Clinical trials
Drug therapy
Eosinophils
Humanities and Social Sciences
Humans
Immunoglobulin E
Leukocytes (eosinophilic)
Meta-analysis
Monoclonal antibodies
multidisciplinary
Placebos
Respiratory function
Safety
Science
Science (multidisciplinary)
Status Asthmaticus
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creator Shaban Abdelgalil, Mahmoud
Ahmed Elrashedy, Asmaa
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Hassan Shawki, Bassant
Abd-ElGawad, Mohamed
description Patients with severe uncontrolled asthma still experience acute asthma symptoms and exacerbations, particularly those with non-eosinophilic inflammation who take the maximum amount of standard drug therapy. Tezepelumab, a human monoclonal antibody, can improve lung function and enhance control of asthma symptoms in those patients, regardless of the disease’s baseline characteristics. This study aims to investigate the safety and efficacy of using tezepelumab in controlling severe symptoms of uncontrolled asthma. We performed a comprehensive literature search in several databases, including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and clinicaltrial.gov, using a well-established search strategy to include all relevant publications. According to our inclusion criteria, we searched for randomized controlled trials comparing tezepelumab versus placebo in patients with severe, uncontrolled asthma. We analyzed the data using The Revman 5.4 program software. The search identified 589 potential articles. After excluding studies inconsistent with selection criteria, four studies were included and analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. The pooled effect demonstrated the better performance of tezepelumab over the placebo regarding the decrease in annualized asthma exacerbation rate (MD = − 0.74, (95% CI [− 1.04, − 0.44], p 
doi_str_mv 10.1038/s41598-022-24763-9
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Tezepelumab, a human monoclonal antibody, can improve lung function and enhance control of asthma symptoms in those patients, regardless of the disease’s baseline characteristics. This study aims to investigate the safety and efficacy of using tezepelumab in controlling severe symptoms of uncontrolled asthma. We performed a comprehensive literature search in several databases, including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and clinicaltrial.gov, using a well-established search strategy to include all relevant publications. According to our inclusion criteria, we searched for randomized controlled trials comparing tezepelumab versus placebo in patients with severe, uncontrolled asthma. We analyzed the data using The Revman 5.4 program software. The search identified 589 potential articles. After excluding studies inconsistent with selection criteria, four studies were included and analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. The pooled effect demonstrated the better performance of tezepelumab over the placebo regarding the decrease in annualized asthma exacerbation rate (MD = − 0.74, (95% CI [− 1.04, − 0.44], p &lt; 0.00001)), asthma control questionnaire-6 (ACQ-6) Score MD = − 0.32, (95% CI [− 0.43, − 0.21], p &lt; 0.00001)), blood eosinophil count (MD = − 139.38 cells/mcL, (95% CI [− 150.37, − 128.39], p &lt; 0.00001)), feNO (MD = − 10 ppb, (95% CI [− 15.81, − 4.18], p = 0.0008)) and serum total IgE (MD = − 123.51 UI/ml, (95% CI [− 206.52, − 40.50], p = 0.004)). All tezepelumab groups had higher pre-bronchodilator forced expiratory volume in 1 s than the placebo group (MD = 0.16, (95% CI [0.10, 0.21], p &lt; 0.00001)). 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Tezepelumab, a human monoclonal antibody, can improve lung function and enhance control of asthma symptoms in those patients, regardless of the disease’s baseline characteristics. This study aims to investigate the safety and efficacy of using tezepelumab in controlling severe symptoms of uncontrolled asthma. We performed a comprehensive literature search in several databases, including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and clinicaltrial.gov, using a well-established search strategy to include all relevant publications. According to our inclusion criteria, we searched for randomized controlled trials comparing tezepelumab versus placebo in patients with severe, uncontrolled asthma. We analyzed the data using The Revman 5.4 program software. The search identified 589 potential articles. After excluding studies inconsistent with selection criteria, four studies were included and analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. The pooled effect demonstrated the better performance of tezepelumab over the placebo regarding the decrease in annualized asthma exacerbation rate (MD = − 0.74, (95% CI [− 1.04, − 0.44], p &lt; 0.00001)), asthma control questionnaire-6 (ACQ-6) Score MD = − 0.32, (95% CI [− 0.43, − 0.21], p &lt; 0.00001)), blood eosinophil count (MD = − 139.38 cells/mcL, (95% CI [− 150.37, − 128.39], p &lt; 0.00001)), feNO (MD = − 10 ppb, (95% CI [− 15.81, − 4.18], p = 0.0008)) and serum total IgE (MD = − 123.51 UI/ml, (95% CI [− 206.52, − 40.50], p = 0.004)). All tezepelumab groups had higher pre-bronchodilator forced expiratory volume in 1 s than the placebo group (MD = 0.16, (95% CI [0.10, 0.21], p &lt; 0.00001)). 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subjects 692/308
692/699
692/700
Adult
Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized - adverse effects
Asthma
Asthma - drug therapy
Bronchodilators
Clinical trials
Drug therapy
Eosinophils
Humanities and Social Sciences
Humans
Immunoglobulin E
Leukocytes (eosinophilic)
Meta-analysis
Monoclonal antibodies
multidisciplinary
Placebos
Respiratory function
Safety
Science
Science (multidisciplinary)
Status Asthmaticus
title Safety and efficacy of tezepelumab vs. placebo in adult patients with severe uncontrolled asthma: a systematic review and meta-analysis
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