Manganese and copper-coated nickel oxide nanoparticles synthesized from Carica papaya leaf extract induce antimicrobial activity and breast cancer cell death by triggering mitochondrial caspases and p53

• Published in: Green processing and synthesis 2024-02, Vol.13 (1), p.1-7
• Main Authors: Alzahrani, Badr, Elderdery, Abozer Y., Alsrhani, Abdullah, Alzerwi, Nasser A. N., Althobiti, Maryam Musleh, Rayzah, Musaed, Idrees, Bandar, Elkhalifa, Ahmed M. E., Alabdulsalam, Abdulrahim A., Alsultan, Afnan, Bakhsh, Ebtisam, ALSuhaymi, Naif, Kumar, Suresh S., Mok, Pooi Ling
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Antimicrobial activity; Antimicrobial agents; Apoptosis; apoptotic cell death; Bacteria; breast cancer; Carica papaya; Cell cycle; Cell death; Cell viability; Copper; E coli; Electron microscopes; Emission analysis; Energy dispersive X ray analysis; ferromagnetic; Ferromagnetism; Field emission microscopy; Fluorescence; Fourier transforms; Free radicals; Infrared analysis; magnesium and copper; Manganese; Membrane proteins; Mitochondria; Nanoparticles; Nickel; Nickel oxides; p53 Protein; Papayas; Photoluminescence; Photons; Plant extracts; Proteins; S phase; Scanning electron microscopy; Streptococcus infections; Surface defects; Synthesis; X ray analysis; X-ray diffraction
• ISSN: 2191-9550; 2191-9542; 2191-9550
• DOI: 10.1515/gps-2023-0087

In the present work, manganese–copper co-infused nickel oxide nanoparticles (MnCu co-doped NiO NPs) were formulated via a green process using extract. The MnCu co-doped NiO NPs were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV–Vis, Fourier transform infrared, field emission scanning electron microscope, energy dispersive X-ray analysis, and photoluminescence (PL) spectrum. The XRD pattern demonstrated that synthesized MnCu co-doped NiO NPs exhibit cubic structure. On the PL spectrum, various surface defects were identified. MnCu co-doped NiO NPs exhibited ferromagnetic properties at 37°C. The antimicrobial activity of green synthesis MnCu co-doped NiO NPs against human pathogens ( , , , , , ) and as fungal strains were demonstrated. The MnCu co-doped NiO NPs treatment considerably reduced MDA-MB-231 cell viability while not disturbing HBL-100 cell viability. Different fluorescent staining analyses revealed that MnCu co-doped NiO NPs induced nuclear and mitochondrial damage to improve free radical production, altering mitochondrial membrane protein potential, which led to apoptotic cell death in MDA-MB-231 cells. The MnCu co-doped NiO NP treatment enhanced pro-apoptotic protein expression and inhibited the cell cycle at the S phase in MDA-MB-231 cells. This makes it easy, cheap, and environmentally friendly to make MnCu co-doped NiO NPs using extract, which has excellent antimicrobial properties.