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Silicate rocks as an alternative potassium fertilizer for upland rice and common bean crops

The objective of this work was to evaluate the efficiency of molten and ground alkaline potassium-silicate rocks (K1) and of ground phonolite rock (K2) as sources of potassium for upland rice (Oryza sativa) and common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) crops, in comparison with the traditional source (KCl)....

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Pesquisa agropecuaria brasileira 2021-01, Vol.56
Main Authors: Soratto, Rogério Peres, Crusciol, Carlos Alexandre Costa, Campos, Murilo de, Costa, Claudio Hideo Martins da, Gilabel, Amanda Prado, Castro, Gustavo Spadotti Amaral, Ferrari Neto, Jayme
Format: Article
Language:English
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Summary:The objective of this work was to evaluate the efficiency of molten and ground alkaline potassium-silicate rocks (K1) and of ground phonolite rock (K2) as sources of potassium for upland rice (Oryza sativa) and common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) crops, in comparison with the traditional source (KCl). Two experiments - one with each crop - were conducted on a Typic Haplorthox in a randomized complete block design with four replicates. The treatments consisted of three sources (KCl, K1, and K2) and four rates (0, 20, 40, and 80 kg ha-1 K2O) of K. Regardless of the used source, K fertilization increased the leaf K content and grain yield of the upland rice and common bean crops. The agronomic efficiency index (AEI) of the alternative K sources varied according to the crop. For upland rice, the AEI of K2 was 8% higher than that of KCl at the recommended K rate, but similar at the highest rate. For common bean, the AEI values of K1 were close to that of KCl at the rates of 40 and 80 kg ha-1 K2O. The alternative sources K1 and K2 supply K and increase the grain yield of common bean and upland rice, respectively, similarly to KCl. Resumo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a eficiência de rochas potássio-silicáticas alcalinas fundidas e moídas (K1) e de rocha fonolito moída (K2) como fontes de potássio para as culturas do arroz de terras altas (Oryza sativa) e do feijão comum (Phaseolus vulgaris), em comparação à fonte tradicional (KCl). Dois experimentos - um com cada cultura - foram conduzidos em Latossolo Vermelho argiloso, tendo-se utilizado delineamento de blocos ao acaso com quatro repetições. Os tratamentos consistiram de três fontes (KCl, K1 e K2) e quatro doses (0, 20, 40 e 80 kg ha-1 de K2O) de K. Independentemente da fonte utilizada, a adubação potássica incrementou o teor foliar de K e a produtividade de grãos das culturas do arroz de terras altas e do feijão comum. O índice de eficiência agronômica (IEA) das fontes alternativas de K variou de acordo com a cultura. Para o arroz de terras altas, o IEA do K2 foi 8% mais alto que o do KCl na dose de K recomendada, mas semelhante na maior dose. Para o feijão, os valores do IEA do K1 foram próximos ao do KCl nas doses de 40 e 80 kg ha-1 de K2O. As fontes alternativas K1 e K2 fornecem K e aumentam a produtividade de grãos do feijão comum e do arroz de terras altas, respectivamente, de forma semelhante ao KCl.
ISSN:0100-204X
1678-3921
1678-3921
DOI:10.1590/s1678-3921.pab2021.v56.01411