Sequestration of crystal violet dye from wastewater using low-cost coconut husk as a potential adsorbent

The current study explores the effectiveness of coconut husk for crystal violet dye sequestration employing a batch experimental setup. Characterization of adsorbent was carried out via FTIR, and SEM techniques and results confirmed the involvement of -OMe, -COC- and hydroxyl functional groups in dy...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Water science and technology 2022-04, Vol.85 (8), p.2295-2317
Main Authors: Imran, Muhammad Sajid, Javed, Tariq, Areej, Isham, Haider, Muhammad Nouman
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Activated carbon
Adsorbents
Adsorption
Chemicals
coconut husk
Cocos
crystal violet
Crystals
Diffusion models
Drinking water
Dyes
Effectiveness
Endothermic reactions
Equilibrium
Fourier transforms
Functional groups
Gentian violet
Gentian Violet - chemistry
Isotherms
kinetics
Mathematical models
Parameters
Particle diffusion
pH effects
Pollutants
Removal
thermodynamics
Uptake
Waste Water
Wastewater
Water Purification - methods
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Summary:The current study explores the effectiveness of coconut husk for crystal violet dye sequestration employing a batch experimental setup. Characterization of adsorbent was carried out via FTIR, and SEM techniques and results confirmed the involvement of -OMe, -COC- and hydroxyl functional groups in dye uptake, and the rough, porous nature of adsorbent and after adsorption dye molecules colonized these holes resulting in dye exclusion. Effects of various adsorption parameters such as pH, adsorbent dose, contact time, initial dye concentration, and temperature of solution were studied. Crystal violet adsorption on coconut husk was highly pH-dependent, with maximum removal occurring at basic pH. Maximum removal of dye, i.e., 81%, takes place at optimized conditions. Kinetic data was analyzed by pseudo-first, pseudo-second order and an intra-particle diffusion model. Results showed that the pseudo-second order kinetic model best described adsorption of crystal violet onto coconut husk. Langmuir, Freundlich, and D-R adsorption isotherms were also used to test their appropriateness to experimental data and the Freundlich isotherm fits best to data. Thermodynamic parameters showed that the current process was spontaneous, endothermic in nature with continuous decrease in entropy. Established practice is 79% applicable to tap water and in acidic medium nearly 80% of adsorbent was recovered, confirming the effectiveness and appropriateness of coconut husk for crystal violet dye exclusion from wastewater.
ISSN:0273-1223
1996-9732
DOI:10.2166/wst.2022.124