Genetic structure of Plasmodium falciparum and elimination of malaria, Comoros archipelago

The efficacy of malaria control and elimination on islands may depend on the intensity of new parasite inflow. On the Comoros archipelago, where falciparum malaria remains a major public health problem because of spread of drug resistance and insufficient malaria control, recent interventions for ma...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Emerging infectious diseases 2010-11, Vol.16 (11), p.1686-1694
Main Authors: Rebaudet, Stanislas, Bogreau, Hervé, Silaï, Rahamatou, Lepere, Jean François, Bertaux, Lionel, Pradines, Bruno, Delmont, Jean, Gautret, Philippe, Parola, Philippe, Rogier, Christophe
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Analysis
Animals
Antimalarials - pharmacology
Comoros
Comoros - epidemiology
Drug resistance
Drug Resistance - genetics
elimination, control, population genetics, molecular epidemiology, parasitic diseases, drug resistance, Comoros, research
Genetic aspects
Genotype
Humans
Malaria
Malaria, Falciparum - epidemiology
Malaria, Falciparum - parasitology
Malaria, Falciparum - prevention & control
Mutation
Plasmodium falciparum
Plasmodium falciparum - genetics
Plasmodium falciparum, malaria
Population genetics
Prevalence
Public health
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Summary:The efficacy of malaria control and elimination on islands may depend on the intensity of new parasite inflow. On the Comoros archipelago, where falciparum malaria remains a major public health problem because of spread of drug resistance and insufficient malaria control, recent interventions for malaria elimination were planned on Moheli, 1 of 4 islands in the Comoros archipelago. To assess the relevance of such a local strategy, we performed a population genetics analysis by using multilocus microsatellite and resistance genotyping of Plasmodium falciparum sampled from each island of the archipelago. We found a contrasted population genetic structure explained by geographic isolation, human migration, malaria transmission, and drug selective pressure. Our findings suggest that malaria elimination interventions should be implemented simultaneously on the entire archipelago rather than restricted to 1 island and demonstrate the necessity for specific chemoresistance surveillance on each of the 4 Comorian islands.
ISSN:1080-6040
1080-6059
DOI:10.3201/eid1611.100694