Signal Transduction in Plant⁻Nematode Interactions

To successfully invade and infect their host plants, plant parasitic nematodes (PPNs) need to evolve molecular mechanisms to overcome the defense responses from the plants. Nematode-associated molecular patterns (NAMPs), including ascarosides and certain proteins, while instrumental in enabling the...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of molecular sciences 2018-06, Vol.19 (6), p.1648
Main Authors: Ali, Muhammad Amjad, Anjam, Muhammad Shahzad, Nawaz, Muhammad Amjad, Lam, Hon-Ming, Chung, Gyuhwa
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Gene expression
Host plants
Host-Parasite Interactions
Jasmonic acid
Molecular modelling
NAMP
NAMP-triggered immunity
Nematoda - metabolism
Nematoda - physiology
nematode effector protein
nematode-associated molecular pattern
Nematodes
NTI
plant defense signaling pathway
plant parasitic nematode
Plants - metabolism
Plants - parasitology
PPN
Proteins
Reactive oxygen species
Review
Salicylic acid
Signal Transduction
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Summary:To successfully invade and infect their host plants, plant parasitic nematodes (PPNs) need to evolve molecular mechanisms to overcome the defense responses from the plants. Nematode-associated molecular patterns (NAMPs), including ascarosides and certain proteins, while instrumental in enabling the infection, can be perceived by the host plants, which then initiate a signaling cascade leading to the induction of basal defense responses. To combat host resistance, some nematodes can inject effectors into the cells of susceptible hosts to reprogram the basal resistance signaling and also modulate the hosts' gene expression patterns to facilitate the establishment of nematode feeding sites (NFSs). In this review, we summarized all the known signaling pathways involved in plant⁻nematode interactions. Specifically, we placed particular focus on the effector proteins from PPNs that mimic the signaling of the defense responses in host plants. Furthermore, we gave an updated overview of the regulation by PPNs of different host defense pathways such as salicylic acid (SA)/jasmonic acid (JA), auxin, and cytokinin and reactive oxygen species (ROS) signaling to facilitate their parasitic successes in plants. This review will enhance the understanding of the molecular signaling pathways involved in both compatible and incompatible plant⁻nematode interactions.
ISSN:1422-0067
1661-6596
1422-0067
DOI:10.3390/ijms19061648