Investigating the causal relationship of gut microbiota with GERD and BE: a bidirectional mendelian randomization

• Published in: BMC genomics 2024-05, Vol.25 (1), p.471-471, Article 471
• Main Authors: Liu, Yuan, Yu, Jiali, Yang, Yuxiao, Han, Bingyu, Wang, Qiao, Du, Shiyu
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Analysis; Bacteria; Barrett Esophagus - genetics; Barrett Esophagus - microbiology; Barrett's esophagus; Body mass index; Body size; Body weight; Cancer; Carbohydrates; Care and treatment; Causal inference; Composition; Consortia; Depression, Mental; Diabetes; Diabetes mellitus (non-insulin dependent); Diagnosis; Diet; Dietary intake; Digestive system; Epidemiology; Esophagus; Food intake; Gastroesophageal reflux; Gastroesophageal Reflux - microbiology; Gastroesophageal reflux disease; Gastrointestinal diseases; Gastrointestinal Microbiome - genetics; Gastrointestinal tract; Gene loci; Genetic aspects; Genetics; Genomes; Gut microbiota; Humans; Intestinal microflora; Linkage analysis; Linkage disequilibrium; Mediation; Mediation analysis; Medical prognosis; Mendelian randomization; Mendelian Randomization Analysis; Mental depression; Metabolism; Microbiomes; Microbiota; Microbiota (Symbiotic organisms); Microorganisms; Physiological aspects; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; Randomization; Risk Factors; Statistical analysis; Statistical methods; Statistics; Type 2 diabetes
• ISSN: 1471-2164; 1471-2164
• DOI: 10.1186/s12864-024-10377-0

Gut microbiota(GM) have been proven associated with lots of gastrointestinal diseases, but its causal relationship with Gastroesophageal reflux disease(GERD) and Barrett's esophagus(BE) hasn't been explored. We aimed to uncover the causal relation between GM and GERD/BE and potential mediators by utilizing Mendelian Randomization(MR) analysis. Summary statistics of GM(comprising 301 bacteria taxa and 205 metabolism pathways) were extracted from MiBioGen Consortium(N = 18,340) and Dutch Microbiome Project(N = 7,738), GERD and BE from a multitrait meta-analysis(N =602,604, N =56,429). Bidirectional two-sample MR analysis and linkage disequilibrium score regression(LDSC) were used to explore the genetic correlation between GM and GERD/BE. Mediation MR analysis was performed for the risk factors of GERD/BE, including Body mass index(BMI), weight, type 2 diabetes, major depressive disorder(MDD), smoking initiation, alcohol consumption, and dietary intake(including carbohydrate, sugar, fat, protein intake), to detect the potential mediators between GM and GERD/BE. 11 bacterial taxa and 13 metabolism pathways were found associated with GERD, and 18 taxa and 5 pathways exhibited causal relationship with BE. Mediation MR analysis suggested weight and BMI played a crucial role in these relationships. LDSC identified 1 taxon and 4 metabolism pathways related to GERD, and 1 taxon related to BE. Specie Faecalibacterium prausnitzii had a suggestive impact on both GERD(OR = 1.087, 95%CI = 1.01-1.17) and BE(OR = 1.388, 95%CI = 1.03-1.86) and LDSC had determined their correlation. Reverse MR indicated that BE impacted 10 taxa and 4 pathways. This study established a causal link between gut microbiota and GERD/BE, and identified the probable mediators. It offers new insights into the role of gut microbiota in the development and progression of GERD and BE in the host.