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Differences in performance, body conformation, and welfare of conventional and slow-growing broiler chickens raised at 2 stocking densities
Consumer concern for broiler welfare has increased interest in chicken from slower growing (SG) broiler strains. Broilers from SG strains take longer to reach market weight, which may necessitate differences in management practices, such as stocking density. This study evaluated the effects of 2 sto...
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Published in: | Poultry science 2020-09, Vol.99 (9), p.4398-4407 |
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description | Consumer concern for broiler welfare has increased interest in chicken from slower growing (SG) broiler strains. Broilers from SG strains take longer to reach market weight, which may necessitate differences in management practices, such as stocking density. This study evaluated the effects of 2 stocking densities on production performance, body conformation, and welfare of broilers from 2 strains. Broilers from strains that reach market weight at age 42 D (CONV; N = 284) and at 63 D (SG; N = 284) were exclusively stocked into pens at a density of either 29 kg/m2 or 37 kg/m2. Birds were provided the same starter, grower, and finisher diets with diet phase changes occurring when SG bird body weight (BW) matched CONV. Live BW, body length, pelvic width, shank length, shank width, keel length, breast width, and breast depth were collected at 4 phases: Phase 1—chick placement, Phase 2—starter, Phase 3—grower, and Phase 4—finisher. At Phase 4, footpad dermatitis (FPD), hock burn (HB), and toe damage (TD) were scored. Feed conversion ratio (FCR) and mortality for each pen were recorded throughout the study. Final BW was similar (2.68 kg) for both strains and stocking densities of birds (P > 0.05). CONV bird FCR was 35% more efficient than SG (P |
doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.psj.2020.06.009 |
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Broilers from SG strains take longer to reach market weight, which may necessitate differences in management practices, such as stocking density. This study evaluated the effects of 2 stocking densities on production performance, body conformation, and welfare of broilers from 2 strains. Broilers from strains that reach market weight at age 42 D (CONV; N = 284) and at 63 D (SG; N = 284) were exclusively stocked into pens at a density of either 29 kg/m2 or 37 kg/m2. Birds were provided the same starter, grower, and finisher diets with diet phase changes occurring when SG bird body weight (BW) matched CONV. Live BW, body length, pelvic width, shank length, shank width, keel length, breast width, and breast depth were collected at 4 phases: Phase 1—chick placement, Phase 2—starter, Phase 3—grower, and Phase 4—finisher. At Phase 4, footpad dermatitis (FPD), hock burn (HB), and toe damage (TD) were scored. Feed conversion ratio (FCR) and mortality for each pen were recorded throughout the study. Final BW was similar (2.68 kg) for both strains and stocking densities of birds (P > 0.05). CONV bird FCR was 35% more efficient than SG (P < 0.0001). CONV birds had shorter bodies and shanks compared with SG birds at Phases 3 and 4 (P < 0.05). Slower growing birds stocked at 37 kg/m2 had the longest bodies and keel bones at Phase 4 (P < 0.01). Also at Phase 4, SG birds stocked at 29 kg/m2 had the lowest prevalence of HB (4%), yet the highest prevalence of TD (28%; P < 0.01). These results indicate differences in the effects of strain and stocking density on male broiler conformation, performance, and welfare and highlight the importance of tailoring management practices to the strain of broiler raised.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0032-5791</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1525-3171</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.06.009</identifier><identifier>PMID: 32867983</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England: Elsevier Inc</publisher><subject>Animal Husbandry - methods ; animal performance ; Animal Welfare ; Animals ; body conformation ; body length ; Body Weight ; Bone and Bones - anatomy & histology ; bones ; breasts ; broiler ; broiler chickens ; Chickens - anatomy & histology ; Chickens - growth & development ; consumer attitudes ; dermatitis ; diet ; Diet - veterinary ; feed conversion ; hock ; Male ; males ; Management and Production ; mortality ; phase transition ; Population Density ; stocking density ; stocking rate ; strain ; welfare</subject><ispartof>Poultry science, 2020-09, Vol.99 (9), p.4398-4407</ispartof><rights>2020 The Authors</rights><rights>Copyright © 2020. Published by Elsevier Inc.</rights><rights>2020 Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of Poultry Science Association Inc. 2020</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c616t-e219e7992cb6d8b7f400b3853bcd4322e5fe094608aab072ead2c3696f5fcafc3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c616t-e219e7992cb6d8b7f400b3853bcd4322e5fe094608aab072ead2c3696f5fcafc3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7598105/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0032579120303473$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,881,3536,27901,27902,45756,53766,53768</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32867983$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Weimer, S.L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mauromoustakos, A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Karcher, D.M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Erasmus, M.A.</creatorcontrib><title>Differences in performance, body conformation, and welfare of conventional and slow-growing broiler chickens raised at 2 stocking densities</title><title>Poultry science</title><addtitle>Poult Sci</addtitle><description>Consumer concern for broiler welfare has increased interest in chicken from slower growing (SG) broiler strains. Broilers from SG strains take longer to reach market weight, which may necessitate differences in management practices, such as stocking density. This study evaluated the effects of 2 stocking densities on production performance, body conformation, and welfare of broilers from 2 strains. Broilers from strains that reach market weight at age 42 D (CONV; N = 284) and at 63 D (SG; N = 284) were exclusively stocked into pens at a density of either 29 kg/m2 or 37 kg/m2. Birds were provided the same starter, grower, and finisher diets with diet phase changes occurring when SG bird body weight (BW) matched CONV. Live BW, body length, pelvic width, shank length, shank width, keel length, breast width, and breast depth were collected at 4 phases: Phase 1—chick placement, Phase 2—starter, Phase 3—grower, and Phase 4—finisher. At Phase 4, footpad dermatitis (FPD), hock burn (HB), and toe damage (TD) were scored. Feed conversion ratio (FCR) and mortality for each pen were recorded throughout the study. Final BW was similar (2.68 kg) for both strains and stocking densities of birds (P > 0.05). CONV bird FCR was 35% more efficient than SG (P < 0.0001). CONV birds had shorter bodies and shanks compared with SG birds at Phases 3 and 4 (P < 0.05). Slower growing birds stocked at 37 kg/m2 had the longest bodies and keel bones at Phase 4 (P < 0.01). Also at Phase 4, SG birds stocked at 29 kg/m2 had the lowest prevalence of HB (4%), yet the highest prevalence of TD (28%; P < 0.01). These results indicate differences in the effects of strain and stocking density on male broiler conformation, performance, and welfare and highlight the importance of tailoring management practices to the strain of broiler raised.</description><subject>Animal Husbandry - methods</subject><subject>animal performance</subject><subject>Animal Welfare</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>body conformation</subject><subject>body length</subject><subject>Body Weight</subject><subject>Bone and Bones - anatomy & histology</subject><subject>bones</subject><subject>breasts</subject><subject>broiler</subject><subject>broiler chickens</subject><subject>Chickens - anatomy & histology</subject><subject>Chickens - growth & development</subject><subject>consumer attitudes</subject><subject>dermatitis</subject><subject>diet</subject><subject>Diet - veterinary</subject><subject>feed conversion</subject><subject>hock</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>males</subject><subject>Management and Production</subject><subject>mortality</subject><subject>phase transition</subject><subject>Population Density</subject><subject>stocking density</subject><subject>stocking rate</subject><subject>strain</subject><subject>welfare</subject><issn>0032-5791</issn><issn>1525-3171</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2020</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>DOA</sourceid><recordid>eNqNks1u1DAUhSMEoqXwAGyQlyyawT-JYwsJqSp_lSqxgbV1Y19PPc3Eg52ZUZ-Bl8aZKRXdIFaW7zn3k-_1qarXjC4YZfLdarHJqwWnnC6oXFCqn1SnrOVtLVjHnlanlApet51mJ9WLnFeUciZl97w6EVzJTitxWv36GLzHhKPFTMJINph8TGso93PSR3dHbBwPlSnE8ZzA6MgeBw8JSfSzuMNxlmA4aHmI-3qZ4j6MS9KnGAZMxN4Ee4tjJglCRkdgIpzkKdrb2eWKEqaA-WX1zMOQ8dX9eVb9-Pzp--XX-vrbl6vLi-vaSianGjnT2GnNbS-d6jvfUNoL1YreukZwjq1HqhtJFUBPO47guBVSS996C96Ks-rqyHURVmaTwhrSnYkQzKEQ09JAmoId0MgemVONtsh0w0ADU5y2shXQNGA1FNaHI2uz7dfobFlGguER9LEyhhuzjDvTtVox2hbA23tAij-3mCezDtniMMCIcZsNb7pOMqUU-w-r0JJL2sxWdrTaFHNO6B9exKiZs2PK4Hll5uwYKk3JTul58_coDx1_wlIM748GLJ-zC5hMtmFOjgsJ7VS2F_6B_w3zUNgR</recordid><startdate>20200901</startdate><enddate>20200901</enddate><creator>Weimer, S.L.</creator><creator>Mauromoustakos, A.</creator><creator>Karcher, D.M.</creator><creator>Erasmus, M.A.</creator><general>Elsevier Inc</general><general>Elsevier</general><scope>6I.</scope><scope>AAFTH</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>7S9</scope><scope>L.6</scope><scope>5PM</scope><scope>DOA</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20200901</creationdate><title>Differences in performance, body conformation, and welfare of conventional and slow-growing broiler chickens raised at 2 stocking densities</title><author>Weimer, S.L. ; Mauromoustakos, A. ; Karcher, D.M. ; Erasmus, M.A.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c616t-e219e7992cb6d8b7f400b3853bcd4322e5fe094608aab072ead2c3696f5fcafc3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2020</creationdate><topic>Animal Husbandry - methods</topic><topic>animal performance</topic><topic>Animal Welfare</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>body conformation</topic><topic>body length</topic><topic>Body Weight</topic><topic>Bone and Bones - anatomy & histology</topic><topic>bones</topic><topic>breasts</topic><topic>broiler</topic><topic>broiler chickens</topic><topic>Chickens - anatomy & histology</topic><topic>Chickens - growth & development</topic><topic>consumer attitudes</topic><topic>dermatitis</topic><topic>diet</topic><topic>Diet - veterinary</topic><topic>feed conversion</topic><topic>hock</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>males</topic><topic>Management and Production</topic><topic>mortality</topic><topic>phase transition</topic><topic>Population Density</topic><topic>stocking density</topic><topic>stocking rate</topic><topic>strain</topic><topic>welfare</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Weimer, S.L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mauromoustakos, A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Karcher, D.M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Erasmus, M.A.</creatorcontrib><collection>ScienceDirect Open Access Titles</collection><collection>Elsevier:ScienceDirect:Open Access</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>AGRICOLA</collection><collection>AGRICOLA - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>Poultry science</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Weimer, S.L.</au><au>Mauromoustakos, A.</au><au>Karcher, D.M.</au><au>Erasmus, M.A.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Differences in performance, body conformation, and welfare of conventional and slow-growing broiler chickens raised at 2 stocking densities</atitle><jtitle>Poultry science</jtitle><addtitle>Poult Sci</addtitle><date>2020-09-01</date><risdate>2020</risdate><volume>99</volume><issue>9</issue><spage>4398</spage><epage>4407</epage><pages>4398-4407</pages><issn>0032-5791</issn><eissn>1525-3171</eissn><abstract>Consumer concern for broiler welfare has increased interest in chicken from slower growing (SG) broiler strains. Broilers from SG strains take longer to reach market weight, which may necessitate differences in management practices, such as stocking density. This study evaluated the effects of 2 stocking densities on production performance, body conformation, and welfare of broilers from 2 strains. Broilers from strains that reach market weight at age 42 D (CONV; N = 284) and at 63 D (SG; N = 284) were exclusively stocked into pens at a density of either 29 kg/m2 or 37 kg/m2. Birds were provided the same starter, grower, and finisher diets with diet phase changes occurring when SG bird body weight (BW) matched CONV. Live BW, body length, pelvic width, shank length, shank width, keel length, breast width, and breast depth were collected at 4 phases: Phase 1—chick placement, Phase 2—starter, Phase 3—grower, and Phase 4—finisher. At Phase 4, footpad dermatitis (FPD), hock burn (HB), and toe damage (TD) were scored. Feed conversion ratio (FCR) and mortality for each pen were recorded throughout the study. Final BW was similar (2.68 kg) for both strains and stocking densities of birds (P > 0.05). CONV bird FCR was 35% more efficient than SG (P < 0.0001). CONV birds had shorter bodies and shanks compared with SG birds at Phases 3 and 4 (P < 0.05). Slower growing birds stocked at 37 kg/m2 had the longest bodies and keel bones at Phase 4 (P < 0.01). Also at Phase 4, SG birds stocked at 29 kg/m2 had the lowest prevalence of HB (4%), yet the highest prevalence of TD (28%; P < 0.01). These results indicate differences in the effects of strain and stocking density on male broiler conformation, performance, and welfare and highlight the importance of tailoring management practices to the strain of broiler raised.</abstract><cop>England</cop><pub>Elsevier Inc</pub><pmid>32867983</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.psj.2020.06.009</doi><tpages>10</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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subjects | Animal Husbandry - methods animal performance Animal Welfare Animals body conformation body length Body Weight Bone and Bones - anatomy & histology bones breasts broiler broiler chickens Chickens - anatomy & histology Chickens - growth & development consumer attitudes dermatitis diet Diet - veterinary feed conversion hock Male males Management and Production mortality phase transition Population Density stocking density stocking rate strain welfare |
title | Differences in performance, body conformation, and welfare of conventional and slow-growing broiler chickens raised at 2 stocking densities |
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