Using MPC to Balance Intermittent Wind and Solar Power with Hydro Power in Microgrids

In a microgrid connected with both intermittent and dispatchable sources, intermittency caused by sources such as solar and wind power plants can be balanced by dispatching hydro power into the grid. Both intermittent generation and consumption are stochastic in nature, not known perfectly, and requ...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Energies (Basel) 2021-02, Vol.14 (4), p.874
Main Authors: Pandey, Madhusudhan, Winkler, Dietmar, Sharma, Roshan, Lie, Bernt
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Alternative energy sources
Consumption
dispatchable hydro power
Distributed generation
Dynamical systems
Energy resources
Frequency analysis
frequency stability
Horizon
Hydraulic turbines
Hydroelectric power
Injection
intermittent injection
load and generation balance
microgrid
MPC
Nuclear power plants
Parameter sensitivity
Power plants
Renewable resources
Sensitivity analysis
Simulation
Solar energy
Solar power
Stochasticity
Turbines
Wind power
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Summary:In a microgrid connected with both intermittent and dispatchable sources, intermittency caused by sources such as solar and wind power plants can be balanced by dispatching hydro power into the grid. Both intermittent generation and consumption are stochastic in nature, not known perfectly, and require future prediction. The stochastic generation and consumption will cause the grid frequency to drift away from a required range. To improve performance, operation should be optimized over some horizon, with the added problem that intermittent power varies randomly into the future. Optimal management of dynamic system over a future horizon with disturbances is often posed as a Model Predictive Control (MPC) problem. In this paper, we have employed an MPC scheme for generating a hydro-turbine valve signal for dispatching necessary hydro power to the intermittent grid and maintaining grid frequency. Parameter sensitivity analysis shows that grid frequency is mostly sensitive to the turbine valve signal. We have found that controller discretization time, grid frequency, and power injection into the grid are interrelated, and play an important role in maintaining the grid frequency within the thresholds. Results also indicate that the fluctuations in grid frequency are insignificant on the turbine valve position during power injection into the grid.
ISSN:1996-1073
1996-1073
DOI:10.3390/en14040874