Molecular Physiology of Anaerobic Phototrophic Purple and Green Sulfur Bacteria

There are two main types of bacterial photosynthesis: oxygenic (cyanobacteria) and anoxygenic (sulfur and non-sulfur phototrophs). Molecular mechanisms of photosynthesis in the phototrophic microorganisms can differ and depend on their location and pigments in the cells. This paper describes bacteri...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of molecular sciences 2021-06, Vol.22 (12), p.6398
Main Authors: Kushkevych, Ivan, Procházka, Jiří, Gajdács, Márió, Rittmann, Simon K.-M. R., Vítězová, Monika
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
19th century
anaerobes
anoxygenic bacteria
Bacteria
Consortia
Cyanobacteria
detoxification
Freshwater resources
Green sulfur bacteria
Hydrogen sulfide
Light
Microorganisms
molecular mechanisms of photosynthesis
Molecular modelling
Molecular structure
Oxidation
Photosynthesis
Photosynthetic apparatus
Phototrophic microorganisms
Phylogenetics
Physiology
Pigments
Review
Sulfur
Sulfur bacteria
Taxonomy
water environment
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Summary:There are two main types of bacterial photosynthesis: oxygenic (cyanobacteria) and anoxygenic (sulfur and non-sulfur phototrophs). Molecular mechanisms of photosynthesis in the phototrophic microorganisms can differ and depend on their location and pigments in the cells. This paper describes bacteria capable of molecular oxidizing hydrogen sulfide, specifically the families Chromatiaceae and Chlorobiaceae, also known as purple and green sulfur bacteria in the process of anoxygenic photosynthesis. Further, it analyzes certain important physiological processes, especially those which are characteristic for these bacterial families. Primarily, the molecular metabolism of sulfur, which oxidizes hydrogen sulfide to elementary molecular sulfur, as well as photosynthetic processes taking place inside of cells are presented. Particular attention is paid to the description of the molecular structure of the photosynthetic apparatus in these two families of phototrophs. Moreover, some of their molecular biotechnological perspectives are discussed.
ISSN:1422-0067
1661-6596
1422-0067
DOI:10.3390/ijms22126398