Ameliorative Effects of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis J-12 on Hyperglycemia in Pregnancy and Pregnancy Outcomes in a High-Fat-Diet/Streptozotocin-Induced Rat Model

• Published in: Nutrients 2022-12, Vol.15 (1), p.170
• Main Authors: Yang, Jianjun, Ma, Yumeng, Li, Tong, Pang, Yuanxiang, Zhang, Hongxing, Xie, Yuanhong, Liu, Hui, Sun, Yanfang, Ren, Jianhua, Jin, Junhua
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Abnormalities; Adiponectin; AKT protein; Animal tissues; Bifidobacterium; Bifidobacterium animalis; Blood glucose; Central nervous system; Cholesterol; Enzymes; Females; Fetuses; Food industry; Gene expression; Glucose; Glucose tolerance; Growth factors; Hemoglobin; High fat diet; Hippocampus; histopathology; Hyperglycemia; Hyperinsulinemia; Ingestion; Insulin; Insulin resistance; Insulin-like growth factor I; Laboratory animals; Leptin; Liver; Microbiota; Microorganisms; physiology; Placenta; Pre-eclampsia; Pregnancy; Pregnancy complications; Probiotics; Remission; Streptozocin; Triglycerides; Vagina
• ISSN: 2072-6643; 2072-6643
• DOI: 10.3390/nu15010170

Bifidobacterium, a common probiotic, is widely used in the food industry. Hyperglycemia in pregnancy has become a common disease that impairs the health of the mother and can lead to adverse pregnancy outcomes, such as preeclampsia, macrosomia, fetal hyperinsulinemia, and perinatal death. Currently, Bifidobacterium has been shown to have the potential to mitigate glycolipid derangements. Therefore, the use of Bifidobacterium-based probiotics to interfere with hyperglycemia in pregnancy may be a promising therapeutic option. We aimed to determine the potential effects of subsp. J-12 (J-12) in high-fat diet (HFD)/streptozotocin (STZ)-induced rats with hyperglycemia in pregnancy (HIP) and respective fetuses. We observed that J-12 or insulin alone failed to significantly improve the fasting blood glucose (FBG) level and oral glucose tolerance; however, combining J-12 and insulin significantly reduced the FBG level during late pregnancy. Moreover, J-12 significantly decreased triglycerides and total cholesterol, relieved insulin and leptin resistance, activated adiponectin, and restored the morphology of the maternal pancreas and hepatic tissue of HIP-induced rats. Notably, J-12 ingestion ameliorated fetal physiological parameters and skeletal abnormalities. HIP-induced cardiac, renal, and hepatic damage in fetuses was significantly alleviated in the J-12-alone intake group, and it downregulated hippocampal mRNA expression of insulin receptor ( ) and insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor ( ) and upregulated mRNA on postnatal day 0, indicating that J-12 improved fetal neurological health. Furthermore, placental tissue damage in rats with HIP appeared to be in remission in the J-12 group. Upon exploring specific placental microbiota, we observed that J-12 affected the abundance of nine genera, positively correlating with FBG and leptin in rats and hippocampal mRNA levels of and mRNA in the fetus, while negatively correlating with adiponectin in rats and hippocampal levels of in the fetus. These results suggest that J-12 may affect the development of the fetal central nervous system by mediating placental microbiota via the regulation of maternal-related indicators. J-12 is a promising strategy for improving HIP and pregnancy outcomes.