Association between urinary phthalate metabolites and Anemia in US adults

Initial research indicates a possible connection between exposure to phthalates and the development of anemia. To fill the gap in epidemiological data, our study utilized data from across the United States, representative on a national scale, to evaluate the association between the concentration of...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Scientific reports 2024-09, Vol.14 (1), p.21041-14, Article 21041
Main Authors: Ma, Huimiao, Deng, Wenqi, Liu, Junxia, Ding, Xiaoqing
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
692/499
692/699
704/172
704/172/4081
Adult
Anemia
Anemia - blood
Anemia - chemically induced
Anemia - epidemiology
Anemia - urine
Environmental Exposure - adverse effects
Epidemiology
Experimental research
Female
Humanities and Social Sciences
Humans
Iron
Iron - blood
Iron - metabolism
Iron - urine
Male
Metabolites
Middle Aged
multidisciplinary
Nutrition Surveys
Phthalate esters
Phthalates
Phthalic Acids - blood
Phthalic Acids - urine
Science
Science (multidisciplinary)
United States - epidemiology
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Summary:Initial research indicates a possible connection between exposure to phthalates and the development of anemia. To fill the gap in epidemiological data, our study utilized data from across the United States, representative on a national scale, to evaluate the association between the concentration of phthalate metabolites in urine and both anemia and iron levels. We gathered data on 11,406 individuals from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database, spanning 2003–2018. We conducted logistic and linear regression analyses, adjusted for potential confounding factors, to evaluate the correlations between different phthalate metabolites and anemia, as well as serum iron levels, including gender-stratified analysis. Most urinary phthalate metabolites were positively correlated with an increased risk of anemia, and the majority were negatively correlated with serum iron levels. The study revealed that for every unit increase in ln-transformed metabolite concentrations, the odds ratios (ORs) for anemia increased to varying degrees, depending on the phthalate: Monobutyl phthalate (MBP) at 1.08 (95% CI 1.01–1.17, P = 0.0314), mono(3-carboxypropyl) phthalate (MCPP) at 1.17 (95% CI 1.10–1.24, P 
ISSN:2045-2322
2045-2322
DOI:10.1038/s41598-024-72147-y