Advanced MR Imaging for Knee Osteoarthritis: A Review on Local and Brain Effects

Knee osteoarthritis is one of the leading causes of chronic disability worldwide and is a significant social and economic burden on healthcare systems; hence it has become essential to develop methods to identify patients at risk for developing knee osteoarthritis at an early stage. Standard morphol...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Diagnostics (Basel) 2022-12, Vol.13 (1), p.54
Main Authors: Mallio, Carlo A, Bernetti, Caterina, Agostini, Francesco, Mangone, Massimiliano, Paoloni, Marco, Santilli, Gabriele, Martina, Francesca Maria, Quattrocchi, Carlo C, Zobel, Bruno Beomonte, Bernetti, Andrea
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Arthritis
Biomechanics
Cartilage
Collagen
DGEMRIC
Diagnosis
Edema
Knee
knee osteoarthritis
Magnetic resonance imaging
Medical examination
Methods
Morphology
MRI
Older people
Osteoarthritis
quantitative imaging
Review
Risk factors
Shear strength
T1ρ mapping
T2-mapping
Ultrasonic imaging
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Summary:Knee osteoarthritis is one of the leading causes of chronic disability worldwide and is a significant social and economic burden on healthcare systems; hence it has become essential to develop methods to identify patients at risk for developing knee osteoarthritis at an early stage. Standard morphological MRI sequences are focused mostly on alterations seen in advanced stages of osteoarthritis. However, they possess low sensitivity for early, subtle, and potentially reversible changes of the degenerative process. In this review, we have summarized the state of the art with regard to innovative quantitative MRI techniques that exploit objective and quantifiable biomarkers to identify subtle alterations that occur in early stages of osteoarthritis in knee cartilage before any morphological alteration occurs and to capture potential effects on the brain. These novel MRI imaging tools are believed to have great potential for improving the current standard of care, but further research is needed to address limitations before these compositional techniques can be robustly applied in research and clinical settings.
ISSN:2075-4418
2075-4418
DOI:10.3390/diagnostics13010054