Modern River-Sand Geochemical Mapping in the Manufahi Municipality and Its Surroundings, Timor-Leste: Implications for Provenance

A geochemical mapping of regional modern river-sand is performed to clarify geological information in the study area of Timor-Leste. Several areas of Timor-Leste including the study area in particular have limited geological information due to limited accessibility and dense vegetation coverage, and...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Geosciences (Basel) 2024-07, Vol.14 (7), p.177
Main Authors: Vilanova, Vital, Ohtani, Tomoyuki, Kojima, Satoru, Yatabe, Kazuma, Cristovão, Nene, Araujo, Aniceta
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
alteration
Aluminum oxide
Analysis
Calcium oxide
Carbonates
Catchment area
Catchments
Conglomerates
Fluorescence
geochemical mapping
Geochemistry
Geological mapping
Geology
Hydrothermal alteration
Islands
lithological mapping
Lithology
Major elements
Manganese oxides
Mapping
metamorphic
Methods
Plant cover
Provenance (Geology)
River catchments
river sands
River sediments
Rivers
Sand
Sedimentary rocks
Sediments
Silica
Silicification
Silicon dioxide
Soil erosion
Stratigraphy
Titanium dioxide
Topography
Vegetation
Wavelength
X-ray fluorescence
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Summary:A geochemical mapping of regional modern river-sand is performed to clarify geological information in the study area of Timor-Leste. Several areas of Timor-Leste including the study area in particular have limited geological information due to limited accessibility and dense vegetation coverage, and deformed, weathered, and erosion-covered materials. A total of 53 modern river sand samples were collected and analyzed. Ten major elements were determined by using wavelength-dispersive X-ray fluorescence. Areas characterized by clastic sedimentary rocks are recognized clearly by elevated concentrations of SiO2, Al2O3, and K2O. Meanwhile, areas covered by carbonate sedimentary rocks are detected by significant concentrations of CaO and MnO. The occurrences of the altered clastic and carbonate sedimentary rocks of the Wailuli and Aitutu Formations due to metamorphic, silicification and other alteration processes were responsible for the elevated concentrations and positive correlation between SiO2, CaO, K2O, and MnO, and CaO, TiO2, and MnO in the midstream and near the downstream areas of the Clerec and Sahe River catchments. The positive correlation observed between TiO2, CaO and MnO may be ascribed to the presence of carbonate components associated with secondary Ti-bearing minerals, which are potentially formed through hydrothermal alteration processes.
ISSN:2076-3263
2076-3263
DOI:10.3390/geosciences14070177