Potential Value of Matrix Metalloproteinase-13 as a Biomarker for Osteoarthritis

• Published in: Frontiers in surgery 2021-10, Vol.8, p.750047-750047
• Main Authors: Xin, Xing, Tan, Qizhao, Li, Fang, Chen, Zhongqiang, Zhang, Ke, Li, Feng, Yang, Bin, Xing, Zhili, Zhou, Fang, Tian, Yun, Lv, Yang, Zhu, Tengjiao
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: association; biomarker; enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; matrix metalloproteinase-13; osteoarthritis; Surgery
• ISSN: 2296-875X; 2296-875X
• DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2021.750047

Background: Emerging knowledge has highlighted the role of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-13 in osteoarthritis (OA); however, the suitability of MMP-13 as a biomarker for OA remains unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the potential value of MMP-13 as a biomarker for OA. Methods: The study enrolled 51 patients, of which 33 had advanced varus OA and 18 did not have OA. Immunohistochemistry and western blotting analyses were performed to measure MMP-13 activity in the cartilage and subchondral bone of patients with OA. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to measure serum MMP-13 levels in patients with or without OA. The Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) was used to assess the association between serum MMP-13 levels and clinical symptoms. Furthermore, the association between serum MMP-13 levels and radiological severity of OA was evaluated using the Kellgren–Lawrence (KL) grading system. Finally, we built the proportional odds logistic regression models to evaluate serum MMP-13 levels as a potential predictor for OA. Results: MMP-13 levels were significantly higher in the severe-worn cartilage of the medial tibial plateau than in the relatively intact portion of the lateral cartilage ( p < 0.05). This was contrary to the findings for MMP-13 differential expression in the subchondral bone in knee OA ( p < 0.05). Patients with OA had significantly higher serum MMP-13 levels compared with patients without OA. Additionally, remarkable associations among serum MMP-13 levels, WOMAC scores, and KL grading scores were found in the end-stage OA. Furthermore, the subsequent analysis suggested that serum MMP-13 level was a significant predictor for OA. Conclusion: MMP-13 is valuable for diagnosing, measuring disease severity, and predicting OA in the advanced period of the disease, suggesting that it has potential possibility as a biomarker for OA. However, the underlying mechanisms and clinical application of MMP-13 as a biomarker for OA require to be further investigated.