Independent duplications of the Golgi phosphoprotein 3 oncogene in birds

Golgi phosphoprotein 3 (GOLPH3) was the first reported oncoprotein of the Golgi apparatus. It was identified as an evolutionarily conserved protein upon its discovery about 20 years ago, but its function remains puzzling in normal and cancer cells. The GOLPH3 gene is part of a group of genes that al...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Scientific reports 2021-06, Vol.11 (1), p.12483-14, Article 12483
Main Authors: Opazo, Juan C., Vandewege, Michael W., Gutierrez, Javier, Zavala, Kattina, Vargas-Chacoff, Luis, Morera, Francisco J., Mardones, Gonzalo A.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
631/181/2474
631/181/735
Amino Acid Sequence - genetics
Amino acids
Animals
Birds
Birds - genetics
Carcinogenesis - genetics
Divergence
Evolution
Evolution, Molecular
Evolutionary genetics
Gene Duplication
Genes
Golgi apparatus
Golgi Apparatus - genetics
Humanities and Social Sciences
Humans
Membrane Proteins - genetics
multidisciplinary
Neoplasms - genetics
Oncogene Proteins - genetics
Oncogenes
Phosphoproteins - genetics
Science
Science (multidisciplinary)
Sequence Alignment
Structure-function relationships
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Summary:Golgi phosphoprotein 3 (GOLPH3) was the first reported oncoprotein of the Golgi apparatus. It was identified as an evolutionarily conserved protein upon its discovery about 20 years ago, but its function remains puzzling in normal and cancer cells. The GOLPH3 gene is part of a group of genes that also includes the GOLPH3L gene. Because cancer has deep roots in multicellular evolution, studying the evolution of the GOLPH3 gene family in non-model species represents an opportunity to identify new model systems that could help better understand the biology behind this group of genes. The main goal of this study is to explore the evolution of the GOLPH3 gene family in birds as a starting point to understand the evolutionary history of this oncoprotein. We identified a repertoire of three GOLPH3 genes in birds. We found duplicated copies of the GOLPH3 gene in all main groups of birds other than paleognaths, and a single copy of the GOLPH3L gene. We suggest there were at least three independent origins for GOLPH3 duplicates. Amino acid divergence estimates show that most of the variation is located in the N-terminal region of the protein. Our transcript abundance estimations show that one paralog is highly and ubiquitously expressed, and the others were variable. Our results are an example of the significance of understanding the evolution of the GOLPH3 gene family, especially for unraveling its structural and functional attributes.
ISSN:2045-2322
2045-2322
DOI:10.1038/s41598-021-91909-6