Roles of retrovirus-derived PEG10 and PEG11/RTL1 in mammalian development and evolution and their involvement in human disease

and are paternally expressed, imprinted genes that play essential roles in the current eutherian developmental system and are therefore associated with developmental abnormalities caused by aberrant genomic imprinting. They are also presumed to be retrovirus-derived genes with homology to the sushi-...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Frontiers in cell and developmental biology 2023-09, Vol.11, p.1273638
Main Authors: Shiura, Hirosuke, Kitazawa, Moe, Ishino, Fumitoshi, Kaneko-Ishino, Tomoko
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
brain
Cell and Developmental Biology
genomic imprinting
innate immunity
PEG10
PEG11/RTL1
placenta
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Summary:and are paternally expressed, imprinted genes that play essential roles in the current eutherian developmental system and are therefore associated with developmental abnormalities caused by aberrant genomic imprinting. They are also presumed to be retrovirus-derived genes with homology to the sushi-ichi retrotransposon GAG and POL, further expanding our comprehension of mammalian evolution via the domestication (exaptation) of retrovirus-derived acquired genes. In this manuscript, we review the importance of and in genomic imprinting research via their functional roles in development and human disease, including neurodevelopmental disorders of genomic imprinting, Angelman, Kagami-Ogata and Temple syndromes, and the impact of newly inserted DNA on the emergence of newly imprinted regions. We also discuss their possible roles as ancestors of other retrovirus-derived RTL/SIRH genes that likewise play important roles in the current mammalian developmental system, such as in the placenta, brain and innate immune system.
ISSN:2296-634X
2296-634X
DOI:10.3389/fcell.2023.1273638