Determination of Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA) in the Indoor Dust Matter of the Sicily (Italy) Area: Analysis and Exposure Evaluations

Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) in environmental matrices is increasingly being studied due to its environmental persistence, global occurrence, bioaccumulation, and associated human health risks. Some indoor environments can significantly impact the health of occupants due to pollutants in indoor air...

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Published in:Toxics (Basel) 2023-12, Vol.12 (1), p.28
Main Authors: Barreca, Salvatore, Mancuso, Michele Marco Mizio, Sacristán, Daniel, Pace, Andrea, Savoca, Dario, Orecchio, Santino
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acids
Air conditioning
Bioaccumulation
Bioavailability
Calibration
Cancer
Chemistry
Confined spaces
Drinking water
Dust
Exposure
Food contamination & poisoning
Health risks
Houses
Humidity
Indoor air pollution
Indoor air quality
indoor dust analysis
Indoor environments
Investigations
Laboratories
PCB
Perfluoroalkyl & polyfluoroalkyl substances
Perfluorooctanoic acid
PFOA Exposure Index
PFOA quantification
Pollutants
Polychlorinated biphenyls
UHPLC-QTOF-MS/MS
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Summary:Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) in environmental matrices is increasingly being studied due to its environmental persistence, global occurrence, bioaccumulation, and associated human health risks. Some indoor environments can significantly impact the health of occupants due to pollutants in indoor air and household dust. To investigate the potential exposure of individuals to PFOA in specific confined environments, this study reports an analytical method and results concerning the determination of PFOA in household dust, used as a passive sampler. To the best of our knowledge, this paper represents one of the first studies concerning PFOA concentrations in indoor dust collected in the south of Italy, within the European region. A total of twenty-three dust samples were collected from two different areas of Sicily (Palermo and Milena), extracted, and analyzed by an UHPLC-QTOF-MS/MS system. Finally, PFOA exposure was estimated using a new index (Indoor PFOA Exposure Index, IPEX) that incorporates the PFOA levels in dust, exposure time, and the correlation between the PFOA in dust and blood. It was then compared across four different exposure groups, revealing that PFOA exposure for people working in chemistry laboratories was evaluated to be ten times higher than the exposure for homemakers.
ISSN:2305-6304
2305-6304
DOI:10.3390/toxics12010028