Process Integration of Green Hydrogen: Decarbonization of Chemical Industries

Integrated water electrolysis is a core principle of new process configurations for decarbonized heavy industries. Water electrolysis generates H2 and O2 and involves an exchange of thermal energy. In this manuscript, we investigate specific traditional heavy industrial processes that have previousl...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Energies (Basel) 2020-09, Vol.13 (18), p.4859
Main Authors: Ostadi, Mohammad, Paso, Kristofer Gunnar, Rodriguez-Fabia, Sandra, Øi, Lars Erik, Manenti, Flavio, Hillestad, Magne
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Alternative energy sources
Anthropogenic factors
Biogas
Biogas upgrading
Biomass Gasification
Calcination
Carbohydrates
Carbon cycle
Carbon dioxide
Chemical energy
Chemical industry
Configurations
Consumers
Consumption
Cost Control
Cost reduction
Decarbonization
Economic feasibilities
Efficiency
Electricity
Electrolysis
Emissions
Energy
Energy industry
Energy resources
Energy storage
Fermentation
Fossil fuels
Gasification
Green hydrogen
Hydrocarbons
Hydrogen production
Incineration
Industrial development
Industrial plant emissions
Industrial processs
Inert gases
Integration
Iron reduction
Microprocessors
Municipal waste incineration
Municipal wastes
Oxy-combustion
Power sources
Prices
Process configuration
Process design
Process integration
Processes
Production costs
Pulp production
Renewable resources
Solar energy
Solar power
Thermal energy
Thermal integration
Trends
Waste disposal
Waste incineration
Water
Wind power
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Description
Summary:Integrated water electrolysis is a core principle of new process configurations for decarbonized heavy industries. Water electrolysis generates H2 and O2 and involves an exchange of thermal energy. In this manuscript, we investigate specific traditional heavy industrial processes that have previously been performed in nitrogen-rich air environments. We show that the individual process streams may be holistically integrated to establish new decarbonized industrial processes. In new process configurations, CO2 capture is facilitated by avoiding inert gases in reactant streams. The primary energy required to drive electrolysis may be obtained from emerging renewable power sources (wind, solar, etc.) which have enjoyed substantial industrial development and cost reductions over the last decade. The new industrial designs uniquely harmonize the intermittency of renewable energy, allowing chemical energy storage. We show that fully integrated electrolysis promotes the viability of decarbonized industrial processes. Specifically, new process designs uniquely exploit intermittent renewable energy for CO2 conversion, enabling thermal integration, H2 and O2 utilization, and sub-process harmonization for economic feasibility. The new designs are increasingly viable for decarbonizing ferric iron reduction, municipal waste incineration, biomass gasification, fermentation, pulp production, biogas upgrading, and calcination, and are an essential step forward in reducing anthropogenic CO2 emissions.
ISSN:1996-1073
1996-1073
DOI:10.3390/en13184859