A rapid and reliable detection procedure of Atlantic trout introgression at the diagnostic lactate dehydrogenase chain‐1 gene

• Published in: Aquaculture, fish and fisheries fish and fisheries, 2023-08, Vol.3 (4), p.388-392
• Main Authors: Padula, Anna, Greco, Claudia, Talarico, Lorenzo, Caniglia, Romolo, Antognazza, Caterina Maria, D'Antoni, Susanna, Lorenzoni, Massimo, Vanetti, Isabella, Zaccara, Serena, Mucci, Nadia
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Anthropogenic factors; Automation; Capillary electrophoresis; Dehydrogenase; Dehydrogenases; dermal swab; Diagnostic systems; Electrophoresis; Enzymes; fish; Fish populations; Freshwater fish; Gene sequencing; Interspecific hybridization; L-Lactate dehydrogenase; Labeling; Lactate dehydrogenase; Lactic acid; LDH‐C1 genotyping; National parks; non‐invasive genetic sampling; Nucleotide sequence; Nucleotides; Polymorphism; Population genetics; Populations; Restriction fragment length polymorphism; Salmo ghigii; Salmo trutta complex; Single-nucleotide polymorphism; SNP; Trout
• ISSN: 2693-8847; 2693-8847
• DOI: 10.1002/aff2.124

The Italian‐native Mediterranean brown trout (Salmo ghigii) is a seriously threatened freshwater fish, especially by anthropogenic hybridisation with the domestic strains of Atlantic origin that have been repeatedly released into the wild for angling. A PCR‐restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) assay of the diagnostic lactate dehydrogenase chain‐1 (LDH‐C1) gene sequences has been routinely applied to distinguish exotic from native brown trout lineages and detect Atlantic introgression signals in the Mediterranean wild populations. Here, we used dermal swab DNA obtained from 28 wild trout to improve laboratory procedures to genetically characterise trout samples at the LDH‐C1gene through (1) a capillary electrophoresis analysis of the RFLP fragments and (2) the optimisation of a diagnostic single nucleotide polymorphism analysable through mini‐sequencing approaches. The developed methods were fully consistent with those obtained through the traditional approach, but their analytical process is almost entirely automated and digitalised, thus improving result readability and accuracy in the detection of alien introgressed traces in wild Mediterranean brown trout populations. The Mediterranean brown trout is a seriously threatened freshwater fish, especially by anthropogenic hybridisation with the domestic strains of Atlantic origin that have been repeatedly released into the wild for angling. A PCR‐restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) assay of the diagnostic lactate dehydrogenase chain‐1 (LDH‐C1) gene sequences has been routinely applied to distinguish exotic from native brown trout lineages and detect Atlantic introgression signals in the Mediterranean wild populations. Here, we used dermal swab DNA obtained from 28 wild trout to improve laboratory procedures to genetically characterise trout samples at the LDH‐C1gene through (1) a capillary electrophoresis analysis of the RFLP fragments, and (2) the optimisation of a diagnostic single nucleotide polymorphism analysable through mini‐sequencing approaches. The developed methods were fully consistent with those obtained through the traditional approach, but their analytical process is almost entirely automated and digitalised, thus improving result readability and accuracy in the detection of alien introgressed traces in wild Mediterranean brown trout populations.