Histopathological placental lesions in mild gestational hyperglycemic and diabetic women

To investigate and compare the incidence of histopathological placental lesions in mild gestational hyperglycemia, gestational diabetes and overt diabetes at term and preterm gestation. One-hundred-and-thirty-one placental samples were collected from Diabetes mellitus (DM) positive screened patients...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Diabetology and metabolic syndrome 2011-08, Vol.3 (1), p.19-19, Article 19
Main Authors: Rudge, Marilza Vc, Lima, César P, Damasceno, Débora C, Sinzato, Yuri K, Napoli, Gustavo, Rudge, Cibele Vc, Gallego, Franciane Q, Calderon, Iracema Mp
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Diabetes
Diabetes in pregnancy
Diagnosis
Fetuses
gestational diabetes
Glucose
Glucose tolerance tests
Health aspects
Hyperglycemia
Hypoxia
mild hyperglycemia
Mortality
Nutrition research
placental histopathology
Pregnancy
Pregnant women
Studies
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Summary:To investigate and compare the incidence of histopathological placental lesions in mild gestational hyperglycemia, gestational diabetes and overt diabetes at term and preterm gestation. One-hundred-and-thirty-one placental samples were collected from Diabetes mellitus (DM) positive screened patients. Two diagnostic tests, glycemic profile and 100 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in parallel identified 4 groups normoglycemic, mild gestational hyperglycemia (MGH), gestational DM (GDM) or overt DM (DM). Placental tissue specimens and sections from 4 groups were obtained by uniform random sampling and stained with hematoxylin-eosin. Placentas from MGH group presented 17 types of histopathological change and higher rates of syncytial nodes and endarteritis. GDM placentas presented only nine types of histopathological change, high rates of dysmaturity, low rates of calcification and no syncytial nodes. Overt DM placentas showed 22 types of histopathological change, 21 of which were present in the preterm period. There were histopathological similarities between MGH and DM placentas, but the former exhibited a higher incidence of endarteritis, which has been described as a "post-mortem" phenomenon. Our results confirmed that the distinct placental changes associated with DM and MGH depend on gestational period during which the diabetic insult occurs. It may reasonably be inferred that subclinical maternal hyperglycemia during pregnancy, as showed in MGH group, is responsible for increased placental endarteritis, a postmortem lesion in the live fetus.
ISSN:1758-5996
1758-5996
DOI:10.1186/1758-5996-3-19