Associations between phthalate metabolites and cytokines in the follicular fluid of women undergoing in vitro fertilization

Many studies have showed that phthalates have reproductive and embryonic toxicity, while the potential mechanisms are mostly unknown. Inflammation may play a mediating part in phthalate exposure and adverse reproductive endpoints. A cross-sectional survey was conducted to investigate the association...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Ecotoxicology and environmental safety 2023-11, Vol.267, p.115616-115616, Article 115616
Main Authors: Wang, Yi, Du, Yao-Yao, Yao, Wen, Deng, Tao-Ran, Guo, Na, Yin, Li, Yuan, Xiao-Qiong, Guo, Qing-Chun, Li, Juan, Liao, Hong-Mei, Qin, Dan-Yu, Li, Yu-Feng
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Bayesian kernel machine regression
Cytokines
Follicular fluid
Inflammation
IVF women
Phthalates
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Summary:Many studies have showed that phthalates have reproductive and embryonic toxicity, while the potential mechanisms are mostly unknown. Inflammation may play a mediating part in phthalate exposure and adverse reproductive endpoints. A cross-sectional survey was conducted to investigate the associations of phthalate metabolites with inflammatory cytokines in the follicular fluid (FF) of women undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF). We determined the levels of eight phthalate metabolites and five cytokines in the FF of 76 women, including interleukin (IL)- 6, IL-8, IL-10, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). The associations of individual phthalate exposure with cytokines in FF samples were explored by multiple linear regression. We further evaluated the combined effects of multiple phthalate exposures on FF levels of cytokines by using Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) models. We found that there was a positive relationship between mono-ethyl phthalate (MEP) and IL-6 in the FF (percent change:12.4%; 95% CI: 1.3%, 24.9%). In contrast, elevated mono-benzyl phthalate (MBzP), mono(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP) and %MEHP levels were associated with decreased MCP-1. In the BKMR models, phthalate metabolite mixtures were positively associated with TNF-α when the mixtures were lower than 65th percentile compared with their medians. In the stratified analyses, MEHP was inversely associated with MCP-1 among women with BMI ≥ 23 kg/m2 (test for interaction
ISSN:0147-6513
1090-2414
DOI:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115616