Liposome-Mediated Delivery Improves the Efficacy of Lisosan G against Retinopathy in Diabetic Mice

Nutraceuticals are natural substances whose anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties may be used to treat retinal pathologies. Their efficacy is limited by poor bioavailability, which could be improved using nanocarriers. Lisosan G (LG), a fermented powder from whole grains, protects the retina...

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Published in:Cells (Basel, Switzerland) Switzerland), 2023-10, Vol.12 (20), p.2448
Main Authors: Amato, Rosario, Melecchi, Alberto, Pucci, Laura, Canovai, Alessio, Marracci, Silvia, Cammalleri, Maurizio, Dal Monte, Massimo, Caddeo, Carla, Casini, Giovanni
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Anti-inflammatory agents
Apoptosis
Bioavailability
Care and treatment
Diabetes
Diabetes mellitus
Diabetic retinopathy
Dietary supplements
Drinking water
electroretinography
Encapsulation
Flavonoids
Functional foods & nutraceuticals
Glaucoma
Health aspects
Inflammation
Liposomes
nanocarriers
nutraceutical
Oxidants
Oxidative stress
Retina
Retinopathy
Streptozocin
Vascular endothelial growth factor
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Summary:Nutraceuticals are natural substances whose anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties may be used to treat retinal pathologies. Their efficacy is limited by poor bioavailability, which could be improved using nanocarriers. Lisosan G (LG), a fermented powder from whole grains, protects the retina from diabetic retinopathy (DR)-induced damage. For this study, we tested whether the encapsulation of LG in liposomes (LipoLG) may increase its protective effects. Diabetes was induced in mice via streptozotocin administration, and the mice were allowed to freely drink water or a water dispersion of two different doses of LG or of LipoLG. Electroretinographic recordings after 6 weeks showed that only the highest dose of LG could partially protect the retina from diabetes-induced functional deficits, while both doses of LipoLG were effective. An evaluation of molecular markers of oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, vascular endothelial growth factor, and the blood–retinal barrier confirmed that the highest dose of LG only partially protected the retina from DR-induced changes, while virtually complete prevention was obtained with either dose of LipoLG. These data indicate that the efficacy of LG in contrasting DR is greatly enhanced by its encapsulation in liposomes and may lay the ground for new dietary supplements with improved therapeutic effects against DR.
ISSN:2073-4409
2073-4409
DOI:10.3390/cells12202448