Antimicrobial evaluation, acute and sub-acute toxicity studies of Allium sativum

• Published in: Journal of acute disease 2016-07, Vol.5 (4), p.296-301
• Main Authors: Lawal, Bashir, Shittu, Oluwatosin Kudirat, Oibiokpa, Florence Inje, Mohammed, Hadiza, Umar, Sheriff Itopa, Haruna, Garba Muhammed
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Acute and sub-acute toxicity; Allium sativum; Antimicrobial; Biochemical; Hematological
• ISSN: 2221-6189; 2221-6189
• DOI: 10.1016/j.joad.2016.05.002

To evaluate the antimicrobial and toxicological effects of aqueous garlic (Allium sativum) bulbs extract in wister rat using biochemical and hematological parameters. A total of 20 wister rats were assigned into four (A–D) groups of five animals each. Group A served as the control and was administered 1 mL of distilled water. Groups B–C were given 300, 600 and 1200 mg/kg body weight of garlic (Allium sativum) bulbs extract for 5 weeks. Garlic bulbs extract produced significant inhibitory activities against all bacteria tested at concentrations of 120 and 160 mg/mL. However, at concentration of 80 mg/mL, the extract had no inhibitory activities against Klebsiella pneumoniae and Salmonella typhi. The minimal inhibitory concentration and minimal bactericidal concentration ranged between 80–120 mg/mL and 120–160 mg/mL respectively. Toxicological study revealed that the extract did not cause any significant (P > 0.05) alteration to serum aspartate transaminase, alkaline phosphatase activities, total bilirubins, Na, K, creatinine, red blood cell, hematocrit, hemoglobin, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, granulocyte and organs-body weight ratio. However, serum alanine transaminase activities, total proteins, direct bilirubins, Cl− concentrations and body weight gain were significantly (P