YELLOW ALERT: Persistent Yellow Fever Virus Circulation among Non-Human Primates in Urban Areas of Minas Gerais State, Brazil (2021-2023)

Yellow fever virus (YFV) is the agent of yellow fever (YF), which affects both humans and non-human primates (NHP). Neotropical NHP are highly susceptible to YFV and considered sentinels for YFV circulation. Brazil faced a significant YF outbreak in 2017-2018, with over 2000 human cases and 2000 epi...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:Viruses 2023-12, Vol.16 (1), p.31
Main Authors: Garcia-Oliveira, Gabriela F, Guimarães, Anna Catarina Dias Soares, Moreira, Gabriel Dias, Costa, Thais Alkifeles, Arruda, Matheus Soares, de Mello, Érica Munhoz, Silva, Marlise Costa, de Almeida, Munique Guimarães, Hanley, Kathryn A, Vasilakis, Nikos, Drumond, Betânia Paiva
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
5' Untranslated Regions
Actin
Animals
Brazil
Brazil - epidemiology
Callithrix
Carcasses
Communication
Dry season
Epidemics
Epidemiology
Epizootics
Fever
Genomes
Health aspects
Liver
Metropolitan areas
Mosquitoes
mRNA
non-human primate
Outbreaks
Risk factors
Statistics
Surveillance
Tropical diseases
Urban areas
Yellow fever
Yellow Fever - epidemiology
Yellow Fever - veterinary
yellow fever virus
Yellow fever virus - genetics
Citations: Items that this one cites
Online Access:Get full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Description
Summary:Yellow fever virus (YFV) is the agent of yellow fever (YF), which affects both humans and non-human primates (NHP). Neotropical NHP are highly susceptible to YFV and considered sentinels for YFV circulation. Brazil faced a significant YF outbreak in 2017-2018, with over 2000 human cases and 2000 epizootics cases, mainly in the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil. This study aimed to investigate whether YFV circulation persisted in NHP after the human outbreak had subsided. To this end, NHP carcass samples collected in Minas Gerais from 2021 to 2023 were screened for YFV. RNA was extracted from tissue fragments and used in RT-qPCR targeting the YFV 5'UTR. Liver and lung samples from 166 animals were tested, and the detection of the β-actin mRNA was used to ensure adequacy of RNA isolation. YFV RNA was detected in the liver of 18 NHP carcasses collected mainly from urban areas in 2021 and 2022. YFV positive NHP were mostly represented by from 5 out of the 12 grouped municipalities (mesoregions) in Minas Gerais state. These findings reveal the continued YFV circulation in NHP in urban areas of Minas Gerais during 2021 and 2022, with the attendant risk of re-establishing the urban YFV cycle.
ISSN:1999-4915
1999-4915
DOI:10.3390/v16010031