The Four Most Basic Elements In Machine Cognition

• Published in: Data intelligence 2024-05, Vol.6 (2), p.297-319
• Main Authors: Li, Deyi, Yin, Jialun, Zhang, Tianlei, Han, Wei, Bao, Hong
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Artificial intelligence; Baby cognitive nucleus; Carbon; Central processing units; Cognition; Cognition & reasoning; Cognitive physical science; Computer memory; CPUs; Data processing; Embodied turing test; Extreme values; Field programmable gate arrays; Graphics processing units; Human performance; Intense thinking; Logic; Memory; Negentropy; Soft-structured ware; Tensors
• ISSN: 2641-435X; 2641-435X
• DOI: 10.1162/dint_a_00254

The widespread use of ChatGPT has normalized the dialogue Turing test. To meet this challenge, China's major national development strategy suggests that for a new generation of artificial intelligence, it is first necessary to answer the big questions raised by Turing in 1950 from the perspective of cognitive physics: Can machines think? How do machines think? How do machines cognize? Whether it is carbon-based human cognition or silicon-based machine cognition, it is an interaction between complex constructs composed of the four most basic elements: matter, energy, structure, and time. Both humans and machines depend on negative entropy for living, and time is the cornerstone of cognition. Structure and time are parasitic on matter and energy in physical space, forming hard-structured ware. The soft-structured ware in cognitive space is mind, which is parasitic on the hard-structured ware or other existing soft-structured ware, and constitutes a rich hierarchy of multi-scale feelings, concepts, information, and knowledge. Extending “abstraction” from the symbolic school of artificial intelligence, “association” from the connectionist school, and “interaction” from the behaviorist school, the core of cognition is established on the shoulders of such scientific giants such as Schrödinger, Turing and Wiener. Soft and hard-structured ware interact. Cognitive machine can comprise heterogeneous hard-structured ware, such as field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), data processing units (DPUs), central processing units (CPUs), graphics processing units (GPUs), tensor processing units (TPUs), and memory. It can also be implanted with the “Baby Cognitive Nucleus” which is hard-structured ware genetically inherited and naturally evolved to form the embodied machine. Then the hard-structured ware is parasitized by rich, multi-scale soft-structured ware. By regulating matter and energy through soft-structured ware, machines produce orderly events, form coordinated and orderly thinking activities. The heterogeneous sensors configured by the machine and the speed of thinking will no longer be trapped by the extreme values of biochemical parameters of carbon-based organisms but will be able to perceive through multi-channel cross-modal means, carry out intense thinking, and maintain cognitive continuity with memory. To generate computational and memory intelligence in cognitive space which can bootstrap, self-reuse and self-replicate, imagination and creativity are impro