Anti-Inflammatory Strategies Targeting Metaflammation in Type 2 Diabetes

One of the concepts explaining the coincidence of obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D) is the metaflammation theory. This chronic, low-grade inflammatory state originating from metabolic cells in response to excess nutrients, contributes to the development of T2D by increasing insulin resistance in per...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Switzerland), 2020-05, Vol.25 (9), p.2224
Main Authors: Kuryłowicz, Alina, Koźniewski, Krzysztof
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adipocytes
Adipose tissue
Anti-inflammatory agents
Anti-Inflammatory Agents - pharmacology
Anti-Inflammatory Agents - therapeutic use
anti-inflammatory treatment
Antidiabetics
Apoptosis
Bariatric Surgery
Chemokines
Clinical Trials as Topic
Cytokines
Diabetes
Diabetes mellitus
Diabetes mellitus (non-insulin dependent)
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - etiology
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - therapy
Endoplasmic reticulum
Fatty acids
Gastrointestinal surgery
Homeostasis
Humans
Hypoxia
Immunomodulation
Inflammation
Inflammation - complications
Inflammation - immunology
Inflammation - therapy
Insulin
Insulin resistance
Insulin secretion
Insulitis
Life Style
Liver
Metabolism
metaflammation
Muscles
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
Nutrients
Obesity
Obesity - complications
Obesity - immunology
Pancreas
Proteins
Review
Tumor necrosis factor-TNF
type 2 diabetes
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Summary:One of the concepts explaining the coincidence of obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D) is the metaflammation theory. This chronic, low-grade inflammatory state originating from metabolic cells in response to excess nutrients, contributes to the development of T2D by increasing insulin resistance in peripheral tissues (mainly in the liver, muscles, and adipose tissue) and by targeting pancreatic islets and in this way impairing insulin secretion. Given the role of this not related to infection inflammation in the development of both: insulin resistance and insulitis, anti-inflammatory strategies could be helpful not only to control T2D symptoms but also to treat its causes. This review presents current concepts regarding the role of metaflammation in the development of T2D in obese individuals as well as data concerning possible application of different anti-inflammatory strategies (including lifestyle interventions, the extra-glycemic potential of classical antidiabetic compounds, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, immunomodulatory therapies, and bariatric surgery) in the management of T2D.
ISSN:1420-3049
1420-3049
DOI:10.3390/molecules25092224