Bioinformatics Analysis of Global Diversity in Meningococcal Vaccine Antigens over the Past 10 Years: Vaccine Efficacy Prognosis

( serogroup B (MenB) is the leading cause of invasive meningococcal disease worldwide. The pathogen has a wide range of virulence factors, which are potential vaccine components. Studying the genetic variability of antigens within a population, especially their long-term persistence, is necessary to...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Medical sciences (Basel) 2023-12, Vol.11 (4), p.76
Main Authors: Savitskaya, Viktoriia Yu, Dolinnaya, Nina G, Strekalovskikh, Vadim V, Peskovatskova, Elizaveta S, Snyga, Viktoriia G, Trefilov, Vadim S, Monakhova, Mayya V, Kubareva, Elena A
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Algorithms
Amino acids
Analysis
Antibodies
Antigens
Asymptomatic
bioinformatics tools
Disease prevention
Efficiency
Genomes
Genomics
Machine learning
machine learning methods
Medical research
Medicine, Experimental
Meningitis
meningococcal vaccine
multiple amino acid sequence alignments
Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B
Peptides
Phylogenetics
Protein binding
Proteins
Recombinant proteins
Vaccines
Virulence
Virulence (Microbiology)
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Summary:( serogroup B (MenB) is the leading cause of invasive meningococcal disease worldwide. The pathogen has a wide range of virulence factors, which are potential vaccine components. Studying the genetic variability of antigens within a population, especially their long-term persistence, is necessary to develop new vaccines and predict the effectiveness of existing ones. The multicomponent 4CMenB vaccine (Bexsero), used since 2014, contains three major genome-derived recombinant proteins: factor H-binding protein (fHbp), Heparin-Binding Antigen (NHBA) and adhesin A (NadA). Here, we assessed the prevalence and sequence variations of these vaccine antigens in a panel of 5667 meningococcal isolates collected worldwide over the past 10 years and deposited in the PubMLST database. Using multiple amino acid sequence alignments and Random Forest Classifier machine learning methods, we estimated the potential strain coverage of fHbp and NHBA vaccine variants (51 and about 25%, respectively); the NadA antigen sequence was found in only 18% of MenB genomes analyzed, but cross-reactive variants were present in less than 1% of isolates. Based on our findings, we proposed various strategies to improve the 4CMenB vaccine and broaden the coverage of strains.
ISSN:2076-3271
2076-3271
DOI:10.3390/medsci11040076