Emerging Trends in the Application of Extracellular Vesicles as Novel Oral Delivery Vehicles for Therapeutics in Inflammatory Diseases

Inflammation involves complex immune responses where cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-1, and IL-6 promote vasodilation and increased vascular permeability to facilitate immune cell migration to inflammation sites. Persistent inflammation is linked to diseases like cancer, arthritis, and neurodegenerative...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of nanomedicine 2024-01, Vol.19, p.8573-8601
Main Authors: Zeng, Mingtang, Liu, Maozhu, Tao, Xuelin, Yin, Xi, Shen, Chao, Wang, Xueyan
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Administration, Oral
Animals
anti-inflammatory
Anti-Inflammatory Agents - administration & dosage
Anti-Inflammatory Agents - chemistry
Anti-Inflammatory Agents - pharmacology
Antiarthritic agents
Drug Carriers - chemistry
Drug delivery systems
Drug Delivery Systems - methods
Drugs
extracellular vesicles
Extracellular Vesicles - chemistry
food
Health aspects
Humans
Immune response
Inflammation
Inflammation - drug therapy
Nervous system diseases
oral administration
Permeability
Review
Tumor necrosis factor
Type 2 diabetes
Vehicles
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Summary:Inflammation involves complex immune responses where cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-1, and IL-6 promote vasodilation and increased vascular permeability to facilitate immune cell migration to inflammation sites. Persistent inflammation is linked to diseases like cancer, arthritis, and neurodegenerative disorders. Although oral anti-inflammatory drugs are favored for their non-invasiveness and cost-effectiveness, their efficacy is often compromised due to gastrointestinal degradation and limited bioavailability. Recent advancements highlight the potential of extracellular vesicles (EVs) as nanocarriers that enhance drug delivery by encapsulating therapeutic agents, ensuring targeted release and reduced toxicity. These EVs, derived from dietary sources and cell cultures, exhibit excellent biocompatibility and stability, presenting a novel approach in anti-inflammatory therapies. This review discusses the classification and advantages of orally administered EVs (O-EVs), their mechanism of action, and their emerging role in treating inflammatory conditions, positioning them as promising vectors in the development of innovative anti-inflammatory drug delivery systems.
ISSN:1178-2013
1176-9114
1178-2013
DOI:10.2147/IJN.S475532