PREVIEW study-influence of a behavior modification intervention (PREMIT) in over 2300 people with pre-diabetes: intention, self-efficacy and outcome expectancies during the early phase of a lifestyle intervention

• Published in: Psychology Research and Behavior Management 2018-01, Vol.11, p.383-394
• Main Authors: Huttunen-Lenz, Maija, Hansen, Sylvia, Christensen, Pia, Meinert Larsen, Thomas, Sandø-Pedersen, Finn, Drummen, Mathijs, Adam, Tanja C, Macdonald, Ian A, Taylor, Moira A, Martinez, J Alfredo, Navas-Carretero, Santiago, Handjiev, Svetoslav, Poppitt, Sally D, Silvestre, Marta P, Fogelholm, Mikael, Pietiläinen, Kirsi H, Brand-Miller, Jennie, Berendsen, Agnes Am, Raben, Anne, Schlicht, Wolfgang
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Behavior modification; Clinical trials; Cognition; Diabetes; Diabetes Mellitus; Exercise; Glucose; Goals; Habits; Homeostasis; Intervention; Life sciences; Lifestyles; Motivation; Nutrition research; Obesity; Original Research; Physical fitness; Population; Prediabetic state; Prevention; Statistical methods; Theory; Time; Type 2 diabetes; Weight control; Weight loss; Weight loss maintenance
• ISSN: 1179-1578; 1179-1578
• DOI: 10.2147/PRBM.S160355

Onset of type 2 diabetes (T2D) is often gradual and preceded by impaired glucose homeostasis. Lifestyle interventions including weight loss and physical activity may reduce the risk of developing T2D, but adherence to a lifestyle change is challenging. As part of an international T2D prevention trial (PREVIEW), a behavior change intervention supported participants in achieving a healthier diet and physically active lifestyle. Here, our aim was to explore the influence of this behavioral program (PREMIT) on social-cognitive variables during an 8-week weight loss phase. PREVIEW consisted of an initial weight loss, Phase I, followed by a weight- maintenance, Phase II, for those achieving the 8-week weight loss target of ≥ 8% from initial bodyweight. Overweight and obese (BMI ≥25 kg/m ) individuals aged 25 to 70 years with confirmed pre-diabetes were enrolled. Uni- and multivariate statistical methods were deployed to explore differences in intentions, self-efficacy, and outcome expectancies between those who achieved the target weight loss ("achievers") and those who did not ("non-achievers"). At the beginning of Phase I, no significant differences in intentions, self-efficacy and outcome expectancies between "achievers" (1,857) and "non-achievers" (163) were found. "Non-achievers" tended to be younger, live with child/ren, and attended the PREMIT sessions less frequently. At the end of Phase I, "achievers" reported higher intentions (healthy eating χ =2.57;