Durum Wheat Grain Yield and Quality under Low and High Nitrogen Conditions: Insights into Natural Variation in Low- and High-Yielding Genotypes

The availability and management of N are major determinants of crop productivity, but N excessive use has an associated agro-ecosystems environmental impact. The aim of this work was to investigate the influence of N fertilization on yield and grain quality of 6 durum wheat genotypes, selected from...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Plants (Basel) 2020-11, Vol.9 (12), p.1636
Main Authors: Mariem, Sinda Ben, González-Torralba, Jon, Collar, Concha, Aranjuelo, Iker, Morales, Fermín
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Agricultural ecosystems
Agricultural production
Agronomy
Antioxidants
Carbohydrates
Crop production
Crop yield
Crops
durum wheat yield
Environmental impact
Fertilization
Fertilizers
Genotype & phenotype
Genotypes
Gliadin
Glucose
Gluten
Glutenin
Grain
grain quality
Metabolism
Metabolites
Mineral composition
Minerals
Nitrogen
nitrogen fertilization
Polyphenols
Proteins
Quality assessment
Starch
Sugar
Triticum durum
Triticum turgidum L. var. durum
Wheat
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Summary:The availability and management of N are major determinants of crop productivity, but N excessive use has an associated agro-ecosystems environmental impact. The aim of this work was to investigate the influence of N fertilization on yield and grain quality of 6 durum wheat genotypes, selected from 20 genotypes as high- and low-yielding genotypes. Two N levels were applied from anthesis to maturity: high (½ Hoagland nutrient solution) and low (modified ½ Hoagland with one-third of N). Together with the agronomic characterization, grain quality analyses were assessed to characterize carbohydrates concentration, mineral composition, glutenin and gliadin concentrations, polyphenol profile, and anti-radical activity. Nitrogen supply improved wheat grain yield with no effect on thousand-grain weight. Grain soluble sugars and gluten fractions were increased, but starch concentration was reduced, under high N. Mineral composition and polyphenol concentrations were also improved by N application. High-yielding genotypes had higher grain carbohydrates concentrations, while higher concentrations in grain minerals, gluten fractions, and polyphenols were recorded in the low-yielding ones. Decreasing the amount of N to one-third ensured a better N use efficiency but reduced durum wheat agronomic and quality traits.
ISSN:2223-7747
2223-7747
DOI:10.3390/plants9121636