Antibacterial Properties In Vitro of Magnesium Oxide Nanoparticles for Dental Applications

• Published in: Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) Switzerland), 2023-01, Vol.13 (3), p.502
• Main Authors: Rodríguez-Hernández, Adriana-Patricia, Vega-Jiménez, Alejandro L, Vázquez-Olmos, América R, Ortega-Maldonado, Miriam, Ximenez-Fyvie, Laurie-Ann
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: 2-Methylisoborneol; antibacterial; Bacteria; bacteria biofilm resistance; Biofilms; Crystal structure; Crystals; Dental caries; Dental materials; Diffraction; Dilution; Magnesium; Magnesium hydroxide; Magnesium oxide; mechanochemical; Microorganisms; Minimum inhibitory concentration; Nanoparticles; Periodontitis; Properties; Radiation; Silicon wafers; Strains (organisms); Streptococcus infections; Structure; Superconductors (materials); Transmission electron microscopes; Transmission electron microscopy; X-ray diffraction; X-rays
• ISSN: 2079-4991; 2079-4991
• DOI: 10.3390/nano13030502

(1) Dental caries, periodontitis, or peri-implantitis are commensal infections related to oral biofilm former bacteria. Likewise, magnesium oxide nanoparticles (MgO-NPs) were studied to introduce them to the antibacterial properties of a few microorganisms. Considering this, the purpose of the present investigation was to determine the antibacterial properties of MgO-NPs on representative oral strains. (2) Methods: MgO-NPs with a cubic crystal structure were obtained by magnesium hydroxide mechanical activation. After synthesis, the MgO-NPs product was annealed at 800 °C (2 h). The MgO-NPs obtained were tested against ten oral ATCC strains at ten serial concentrations (1:1 20.0-0.039 mg/mL per triplicate) using the micro-broth dilution method to determine the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) or minimal bactericidal concentration (MIB). Measures of OD595 were compared against each positive control with a Student's -test. Viability was corroborated by colony-forming units. (3) Results: The polycrystalline structure had an average size of 21 nm as determined by X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy (high resolution). Antimicrobial sensitivity was observed in (MIB/MIC 10-5 mg/mL), (MIB 10 mg/mL), and (MIB 20 mg/mL) at high concentrations of the MgO-NPs and at lower concentrations of the MgO-NPs in (MIB 0.039 mg/mL), subsp. (MIB/MIC 5-2.5 mg/mL), (MIB 20 mg/mL/MIC 2.5 mg/mL), (MIB 0.625 mg/mL), (MIC 2.5 mg/mL), (MIB 20 mg/mL/MIC 0.321 mg/mL), and (MIB/MIC 5-2.5 mg/mL). (4) Conclusions: The MgO-NPs' reported antibacterial properties in all oral biofilm strains were evaluated for potential use in dental applications.