Neurotransmitters in Type 2 Diabetes and the Control of Systemic and Central Energy Balance

Efficient signal transduction is important in maintaining the function of the nervous system across tissues. An intact neurotransmission process can regulate energy balance through proper communication between neurons and peripheral organs. This ensures that the right neural circuits are activated i...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Metabolites 2023-03, Vol.13 (3), p.384
Main Authors: Al-Sayyar, Amnah, Hammad, Maha M, Williams, Michayla R, Al-Onaizi, Mohammed, Abubaker, Jehad, Alzaid, Fawaz
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Alzheimer's disease
Animal cognition
Appetite
Bioenergetics
Brain
Central nervous system
Chronic illnesses
Communication
Diabetes
Diabetes mellitus (non-insulin dependent)
Dietary intake
Dopamine
Energy
Energy balance
Energy metabolism
Glucose
Glucose metabolism
Health aspects
Homeostasis
Hyperglycemia
Inflammation
Insulin resistance
Medical research
Medicine, Experimental
Memory
Metabolic disorders
metabolism
Nervous system
Neural networks
Neurodegeneration
Neurotransmission
Neurotransmitters
Obesity
Physiological aspects
Physiology
Review
Signal transduction
Thermogenesis
Type 2 diabetes
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Summary:Efficient signal transduction is important in maintaining the function of the nervous system across tissues. An intact neurotransmission process can regulate energy balance through proper communication between neurons and peripheral organs. This ensures that the right neural circuits are activated in the brain to modulate cellular energy homeostasis and systemic metabolic function. Alterations in neurotransmitters secretion can lead to imbalances in appetite, glucose metabolism, sleep, and thermogenesis. Dysregulation in dietary intake is also associated with disruption in neurotransmission and can trigger the onset of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and obesity. In this review, we highlight the various roles of neurotransmitters in regulating energy balance at the systemic level and in the central nervous system. We also address the link between neurotransmission imbalance and the development of T2D as well as perspectives across the fields of neuroscience and metabolism research.
ISSN:2218-1989
2218-1989
DOI:10.3390/metabo13030384