Determination of stress distribution on periodontal ligament and alveolar bone by various tooth movements – A 3D FEM study

• Published in: Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research (Amsterdam) 2020-10, Vol.10 (4), p.758-763
• Main Authors: Gupta, Mayank, Madhok, Kriti, Kulshrestha, Rohit, Chain, Stephen, Kaur, Harmeet, Yadav, Adarshika
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Fem; Research Paper; Stress distribution; Von mises stress
• ISSN: 2212-4268; 2212-4276
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2020.10.011

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the stress distribution on the maxillary central incisors by various tooth movements using three-dimensional finite element modeling with varying periodontal ligament (PDL) thickness and different alveolar bone height (at the apex and alveolar crest). A Finite Element Modeling model was created using surface data of the tooth using SolidWorks Software. Different types of force (intrusion, extrusion, tipping, and bodily movement) were applied on the maxillary central incisor, with two different periodontal ligament thickness (0.15 mm and 0.24 mm) and alveolar bone height (at the apex and alveolar crest). Stress generated due to force applied due to different types of tooth movement was calculated and compared. Maximum stresses generated under intrusion, extrusion, tipping, bodily movement were 9.0421 E−003 N/mm2 for 0.15 mm pdl at alveolar bone, 7.2833 E−5 N/mm2for 0.24 mm pdl labio-lingually, 9.1792 E−002 N/mm2 at 0.15 mm pdl at alveolar bone height and 6.2208 E−6 N/mm2 for 0.24 mm pdl at alveolar crest respectively. The stress pattern seen was nearly the same in all the cases in both PDL thickness. The maximum stress pattern was found to be at the apex of the central incisor, reducing from apex to the cervical region. Intrusion, extrusion, and tipping movement showed the greatest amount of relative stress at the apex of the maxillary central incisor. The bodily movement produced forces at root apex and distributed it all over. •The stress pattern for almost all types of tooth movements was nearly the same in all cases in both PDL thickness.•The apical stress-induced in PDL increases as the thickness of PDL decreases. The stress in alveolar bone decreases with an increase in PDL thickness.•Intrusion, extrusion, and tipping showed the greatest amount of relative stress at the apex of the maxillary central incisor.•Clinically, this stress distribution can be used as a means, that in adult patients with increased PDL thickness at the root apex.