Investigating topic modeling techniques through evaluation of topics discovered in short texts data across diverse domains

• Published in: Scientific reports 2024-05, Vol.14 (1), p.12003-12003, Article 12003
• Main Authors: Muthusami, R., Mani Kandan, N., Saritha, K., Narenthiran, B., Nagaprasad, N., Ramaswamy, Krishnaraj
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: 639/166; 639/301; 639/705; Classification; Clustering methods; Data mining; Datasets; Engineering schools; Humanities and Social Sciences; Mechanical engineering; Methods; multidisciplinary; Non-probabilistic topic model; Probabilistic topic model; Science; Science (multidisciplinary); Semantics; Short-texts; Social policy; Topic discovery; Topic evaluation
• ISSN: 2045-2322; 2045-2322
• DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-61738-4

The online channel has affected many facets of an individual's identity, commercial, social policy, and culture, among others. It implies that discovering the topics on which these brief writings are focused, as well as examining the qualities of these short texts is critical. Another key issue that has been identified is the evaluation of newly discovered topics in terms of topic quality, which includes topic separation and coherence. A topic modeling method has been shown to be an outstanding aid in the linguistic interpretation of quite tiny texts. Based on the underlying strategy, topic models are divided into two categories: probabilistic methods and non-probabilistic methods. In this research, short texts are analyzed using topic models, including latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) for probabilistic topic modeling and non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) for non-probabilistic topic modeling. A novel approach for topic evaluation is used, such as clustering methods and silhouette analysis on both models, to investigate performance in terms of quality. The experiment results indicate that the proposed evaluation method outperforms on both LDA and NMF.