Effects of Diet on Sleep: A Narrative Review

Many processes are involved in sleep regulation, including the ingestion of nutrients, suggesting a link between diet and sleep. Aside from studies investigating the effects of tryptophan, previous research on sleep and diet has primarily focused on the effects of sleep deprivation or sleep restrict...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Nutrients 2020-03, Vol.12 (4), p.936
Main Authors: Binks, Hannah, E Vincent, Grace, Gupta, Charlotte, Irwin, Christopher, Khalesi, Saman
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
adults
Animals
Carbohydrates
Cherries
Depletion
Diet
Dietary Supplements
Efficiency
Eye movements
Food
High carbohydrate diet
Humans
Ingestion
Insomnia
Investigations
Melatonin
Mice
Nutrients
Nutrition
Physiology
Review
Serotonin
Sleep
Sleep deprivation
Sleep disorders
sleep duration
sleep quality
Tryptophan
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Summary:Many processes are involved in sleep regulation, including the ingestion of nutrients, suggesting a link between diet and sleep. Aside from studies investigating the effects of tryptophan, previous research on sleep and diet has primarily focused on the effects of sleep deprivation or sleep restriction on diet. Furthermore, previous reviews have included subjects with clinically diagnosed sleep-related disorders. The current narrative review aimed to clarify findings on sleep-promoting foods and outline the effects of diet on sleep in otherwise healthy adults. A search was undertaken in August 2019 from the Cochrane, MEDLINE (PubMed), and CINAHL databases using the population, intervention, control, outcome (PICO) method. Eligible studies were classified based on emerging themes and reviewed using narrative synthesis. Four themes emerged: tryptophan consumption and tryptophan depletion, dietary supplements, food items, and macronutrients. High carbohydrate diets, and foods containing tryptophan, melatonin, and phytonutrients (e.g., cherries), were linked to improved sleep outcomes. The authors posit that these effects may be due in part to dietary influences on serotonin and melatonin activity.
ISSN:2072-6643
2072-6643
DOI:10.3390/nu12040936