Personalized treatment options for thyroid cancer: current perspectives

Thyroid cancer is one of the most common endocrine malignancies, with increasing incidence all over the world. In spite of good prognosis for differentiated thyroid carcinoma, for an unknown reason, about 5–10% of the patients, the cancer will show aggressive behavior, develop metastasis, and be ref...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Pharmacogenomics and personalized medicine 2019-01, Vol.12, p.235-245
Main Authors: Khatami, Fatemeh, Larijani, Bagher, Nikfar, Shekoufeh, Hasanzad, Mandana, Fendereski, Kiarad, Tavangar, Seyed Mohammad
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Cancer therapies
Cell growth
Chemotherapy
Inhibitor drugs
Iodine
Janus kinase 2
Kinases
Metastases
Molecular testing
Mutation
Personalized Medicine
Precision medicine
Prognosis
Review
Target therapy
Targeted cancer therapy
Thyroid cancer
Thyroid carcinoma
Vascular endothelial growth factor
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Summary:Thyroid cancer is one of the most common endocrine malignancies, with increasing incidence all over the world. In spite of good prognosis for differentiated thyroid carcinoma, for an unknown reason, about 5–10% of the patients, the cancer will show aggressive behavior, develop metastasis, and be refractory to treatment strategies like radioactive iodine. Regarding the genetic information, each thyroid cancer patient can be considered as an individual unique one, with unique genetic information. Contrary to standard chemotherapy drugs, target therapy components aim at one or more definite molecular pathway on cancer cells, so their selection is underlying patient’s genetic information. Nowadays, several mutations and rearrangements including BRAF, VEGF receptors, RET, and RET/PTC, KDR, KIT, PDGFRA, CD274, and JAK2 are taken into account for the therapeutic components like larotrectinib (TRK inhibitor), vemurafenib, sunitinib, sorafenib, selumetinib, and axitinib. With the new concept of personalized treatment of thyroid cancer diagnoses, planning treatment, finding out how well treatment will work, and estimating a prognosis has changed for the better over the last decade.
ISSN:1178-7066
1178-7066
DOI:10.2147/PGPM.S181520