Hyponatremia, acute kidney injury, and mortality in HIV-related toxoplasmic encephalitis

There are no reports on hyponatremia and acute kidney injury (AKI) involved in the course of HIV-related toxoplasmic encephalitis (TE). The main objective of this study was to describe the occurrence of hyponatremia and its relationship with AKI and mortality in HIV-related toxoplasmic encephalitis...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The Brazilian journal of infectious diseases 2012-11, Vol.16 (6), p.558-563
Main Authors: Libório, Alexandre B., Silva Jr, Geraldo B., Silva, Carolina G.C.H., Lima Filho, Francisco J.C., Studart Neto, Adalberto, Okoba, Willy, de Bruin, Veralice M.S., Araújo, Sônia M.H.A., Daher, Elizabeth F.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acute kidney injury
Acute Kidney Injury - etiology
Acute Kidney Injury - mortality
Adult
AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections - complications
AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections - mortality
Brazil
Cohort Studies
Encephalitis
Female
Health aspects
HIV
HIV (Viruses)
HIV infection
HIV patients
Hospital Mortality
Humans
Hyponatremia
Hyponatremia - etiology
Hyponatremia - mortality
INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Male
Mortality
Retrospective Studies
Toxoplasmosis
Toxoplasmosis, Cerebral - complications
Toxoplasmosis, Cerebral - mortality
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Summary:There are no reports on hyponatremia and acute kidney injury (AKI) involved in the course of HIV-related toxoplasmic encephalitis (TE). The main objective of this study was to describe the occurrence of hyponatremia and its relationship with AKI and mortality in HIV-related toxoplasmic encephalitis (TE). This was a retrospective cohort study on patients with HIV-related TE. AKI was considered only when the RIFLE (risk, injury, failure, loss, end-stage) criterion was met, after the patient was admitted. A total of 92 patients were included, with a mean age of 36±9 years. Hyponatremia at admission was observed in 43 patients (46.7%), with AKI developing in 25 (27.1%) patients during their hospitalization. Sulfadiazine was the treatment of choice in 81% of the cases. Death occurred in 13 cases (14.1%). Low serum sodium level correlated directly with AKI and mortality. Male gender (OR 7.89, 95% CI 1.22-50.90, p = 0.03) and hyponatremia at admission (OR 4.73, 95% CI 1.22-18.30, p = 0.02) were predictors for AKI. Independent risk factors for death were AKI (OR 8.3, 95% CI 1.4-48.2, p 
ISSN:1413-8670
1678-4391
1678-4391
DOI:10.1016/j.bjid.2012.08.015