Treatment of Anaerobic Digester Effluent Using Acorus calamus : Effects on Plant Growth and Tissue Composition

The responses of under greenhouse conditions for 56 days when exposed to three dilutions (25%, 50%, and undiluted) of anaerobic digester effluent from a swine farm were determined. Plant growth, morphology, pigments, and minerals in plant tissues as well as water quality were investigated. The plant...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Plants (Basel) 2018-04, Vol.7 (2), p.36
Main Authors: Pincam, Tararag, Brix, Hans, Jampeetong, Arunothai
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acorus calamus
Agricultural wastes
Anaerobic digestion
Anaerobic treatment
Biomass
Carotenoids
Chemical oxygen demand
Digesters
Dissolved oxygen
Efficiency
Effluents
Farm buildings
Laboratories
Leaves
Livestock
Microorganisms
Minerals
Morphology
Nitrogen
Nutrient concentrations
nutrient removal
Nutrients
Organic chemistry
Oxygen
Phosphorus
Pigments
Plant growth
Plant tissues
Public health
Solid suspensions
Statistical analysis
sweet flag
Swine
swine wastewater
Total suspended solids
Toxicity
Wastewater treatment
Water quality
Water treatment
Wetlands
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Summary:The responses of under greenhouse conditions for 56 days when exposed to three dilutions (25%, 50%, and undiluted) of anaerobic digester effluent from a swine farm were determined. Plant growth, morphology, pigments, and minerals in plant tissues as well as water quality were investigated. The plants grew well in all concentrations of anaerobic digester effluent with no statistically significant effects on plant growth and morphology, and without any toxicity symptoms. The NH₄⁺ concentrations in leaves and roots and the NO₃ concentrations in leaves as well as the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium concentrations in the plant tissues increased with increasing effluent concentration. The nutrients in the anaerobic digester effluent were removed effectively (NH₄-N > 99% removal; PO₄-P > 80% removal), with highest removal rates in the undiluted digester effluent. The removal of total suspended solids (>80% in 42 days) and chemical oxygen demand (37⁻53%) were lower. The dissolved oxygen concentration in the anaerobic digester effluent increased overtime, probably because of root oxygen release. It is concluded that could be a promising species for treating high-strength wastewater with high nutrient concentrations, such as effluents from anaerobic digesters as well as other types of agricultural wastewaters.
ISSN:2223-7747
2223-7747
DOI:10.3390/plants7020036