Fucosterol from an Edible Brown Alga Ecklonia stolonifera Prevents Soluble Amyloid Beta-Induced Cognitive Dysfunction in Aging Rats

• Published in: Marine drugs 2018-10, Vol.16 (10), p.368
• Main Authors: Oh, Jeong Hwan, Choi, Jae Sue, Nam, Taek-Jeong
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Acetylcholinesterase; Ageing; Aging; Aging (artificial); Aging - drug effects; Aging - metabolism; Algae; Amyloid beta-Peptides - metabolism; Animals; Brain; Brain-derived neurotrophic factor; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor - metabolism; Cognitive ability; Cognitive Dysfunction - metabolism; Cognitive Dysfunction - prevention & control; Dentate gyrus; Down-Regulation - drug effects; Ecklonia stolonifera; Endoplasmic reticulum; Endoplasmic Reticulum Chaperone BiP; endoplasmic reticulum stress; Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress - drug effects; Extracellular signal-regulated kinase; Food; Fucosterol; Heat-Shock Proteins - metabolism; Hippocampus; Hippocampus - drug effects; Hippocampus - metabolism; Impairment; Inflammation; Kinases; MAP Kinase Signaling System - drug effects; Memory; Neurons; Neurons - drug effects; Neurons - metabolism; Neuroprotection; Neuroprotective Agents - pharmacology; Neurotoxicity; Peptides; Phaeophyceae - metabolism; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases - metabolism; Proteins; Rats; Receptors; Rodents; Seaweed - metabolism; Seaweeds; Secretase; Signal transduction; Signal Transduction - drug effects; soluble amyloid peptide; Stigmasterol - analogs & derivatives; Stigmasterol - pharmacology; Tyrosine; Up-Regulation - drug effects; Viability; β-Amyloid
• ISSN: 1660-3397; 1660-3397
• DOI: 10.3390/md16100368

Fucosterol from edible brown seaweeds has various biological activities, including anti-inflammatory, anti-adipogenic, antiphotoaging, anti-acetylcholinesterase, and anti-beta-secretase 1 activities. However, little is known about its effects on soluble amyloid beta peptide (sAβ)-induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and cognitive impairment. Fucosterol was isolated from the edible brown seaweed , and its neuroprotective effects were analyzed in primary hippocampal neurons and in aging rats. Fucosterol attenuated sAβ -induced decrease in the viability of hippocampal neurons and downregulated sAβ -induced increase in glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) expression in hippocampal neurons via activation of tyrosine receptor kinase B-mediated ERK1/2 signaling. Fucosterol co-infusion attenuated sAβ -induced cognitive impairment in aging rats via downregulation of GRP78 expression and upregulation of mature brain-derived neurotrophic factor expression in the dentate gyrus. Fucosterol might be beneficial for the management of cognitive dysfunction via suppression of aging-induced ER stress.