Transdermal testosterone replacement therapy in men

Androgen deficiency syndrome in men is a frequently diagnosed condition associated with clinical symptoms including fatigue, decreased libido, erectile dysfunction, and metabolic syndrome. Serum testosterone concentrations decline steadily with age. The prevalence of androgen deficiency syndrome in...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Drug design, development and therapy development and therapy, 2014-01, Vol.8 (default), p.101-112
Main Authors: Ullah, M Iftekhar, Riche, Daniel M, Koch, Christian A
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Administration, Cutaneous
Age
Aging
Androgens
Bone density
Care and treatment
Dosage
Drug therapy
Erectile dysfunction
estradiol
Familiarity
Fatigue tests
Formulations
Gels
Hormone Replacement Therapy
Humans
Hypogonadism
Hypogonadism - diagnosis
Male
Males
Men
Metabolic disorders
Metabolic syndrome
Physiological aspects
Physiology
Review
Schedules
Sexual disorders
sexual function
Signs and symptoms
Testosterone
Testosterone - administration & dosage
Testosterone - adverse effects
Testosterone - physiology
testosterone replacement therapy
Therapy
Titration
transdermal
Transdermal medication
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Summary:Androgen deficiency syndrome in men is a frequently diagnosed condition associated with clinical symptoms including fatigue, decreased libido, erectile dysfunction, and metabolic syndrome. Serum testosterone concentrations decline steadily with age. The prevalence of androgen deficiency syndrome in men varies depending on the age group, known and unknown comorbidities, and the respective study group. Reported prevalence rates may be underestimated, as not every man with symptoms of androgen deficiency seeks treatment. Additionally, men reporting symptoms of androgen deficiency may not be correctly diagnosed due to the vagueness of the symptom quality. The treatment of androgen deficiency syndrome or male hypogonadism may sometimes be difficult due to various reasons. There is no consensus as to when to start treating a respective man or with regards to the best treatment option for an individual patient. There is also lack of familiarity with treatment options among general practitioners. The formulations currently available on the market are generally expensive and dose adjustment protocols for each differ. All these factors add to the complexity of testosterone replacement therapy. In this article we will discuss the general indications of transdermal testosterone replacement therapy, available formulations, dosage, application sites, and recommended titration schedule.
ISSN:1177-8881
1177-8881
DOI:10.2147/DDDT.S43475